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> 词汇表是从https://github.com/rust-lang-cn/english-chinese-glossary-of-rust fork而来，原因是在部分词汇的翻译上，存在不同的意见，欢迎大家开issue讨论或者提交pr
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# Rust 语言术语中英文对照表
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English 英文 | Chinese 中文 | Note 备注
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------------------------------- |----------------------------- |----------
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**A** | |
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Abstract Syntax Tree | 抽象语法树 |
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ABI | 应用程序二进制接口 | Application Binary Interface 缩写
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accumulator | 累加器 |
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accumulator variable | 累加器变量 |
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ahead-of-time compiled | 预编译 |
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ahead-of-time compiled language | 预编译语言 |
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algebraic data types(ADT) | 代数数据类型 |
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alias | 别名 |
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aliasing | 别名使用 | 参见 [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pointer_aliasing)
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angle brackets | 尖括号，“<”和“>” |
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annotate | 标注，注明（动词） |
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annotation | 标注，注明（名词） |
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ARC | 原子引用计数器 | Atomic Referecne Counter
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anonymity | 匿名 |
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argument | 参数，实参，实际参数 | 不严格区分的话， argument（参数）和 <br> parameter（参量）可以互换地使用
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argument type | 参数类型 |
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assignment | 赋值 |
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associated functions | 关联函数 |
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associated items | 关联项 |
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associated types | 关联类型 |
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asterisk | 星号（\*) |
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atomic | 原子的 |
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attribute | 属性 |
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automated building | 自动构建 |
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automated test | 自动测试，自动化测试 |
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**B** | |
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baroque macro | 巴洛克宏 |
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benchmark | 基准 |
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binary | 二进制的 |
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binary executable | 二进制的可执行文件 |
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bind | 绑定 |
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block | 语句块，代码块 |
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boolean | 布尔型，布尔值 |
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borrow check | 借用检查 |
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borrower | 借用者，借入者 |
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borrowed | 借用的 |
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borrowing | 借用 |
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bound | 约束，限定，限制 | 此词和 constraint 意思相近，<br>constraint 在 C# 语言中翻译成“约束”
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box | 箱子，盒子，装箱类型 | 一般不译，作动词时翻译成“装箱”，<br>具有所有权的智能指针
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boxed | 装箱，装包 |
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boxing | 装箱，装包 |
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brace | 大括号，“{”或“}” |
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breaking changes | 破坏性变更 |
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buffer | 缓冲区 |
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build | 构建 |
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builder pattern | 创建者模式 |
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**C** | |
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call | 调用 |
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caller | 调用者 |
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capacity | 容量 |
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capture | 捕获 |
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cargo | (Rust 包管理器，不译) | 该词作名词时意思是“货物”，<br>作动词时意思是“装载货物”
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cargo-fy | Cargo 化，使用 Cargo 创建项目 |
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case analysis | 事例分析 |
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cast | 类型转换，转型 |
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casting | 类型转换 |
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chaining method call | 链式方法调用 |
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channel | 信道，通道 |
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closure | 闭包 |
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coercion | 强制类型转换，强制转换 | coercion 原意是“强制，胁迫”
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collection | 集合 | 参见 [Wikipedia](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%86%E5%90%88_(%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6)) |
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combinator | 组合算子，组合器 |
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comma | 逗号，“,” |
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command | 命令 |
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command line | 命令行 |
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comment | 注释 |
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compile | 编译（动词） |
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compile time | 编译期，编译期间，编译时 |
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compilation | 编译（名词） |
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compilation unit | 编译单元 |
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compiler | 编译器 |
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compiler intrinsics | 编译器固有功能 |
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compound | 复合（类型，数据） |
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concurrency | 并发 |
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conditional compilation | 条件编译 |
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configuration | 配置 |
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constant | 常量 |
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constant raw pointer | 原生常量指针 |
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constructor | 构造器 |
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consumer | 消费者 |
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container | 容器 |
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container type | 容器类型 |
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convert | 转换，转化，转 |
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copy | 复制，拷贝 |
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crate | 包 | crate 是 Rust 的基本编译单元
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crate root | 包根 | 别拍我，我知道很奇葩
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curly braces | 大括号，包含“{”和“}” |
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custom type | 自定义类型 |
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**D** | |
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dangling pointer | 悬垂指针 | use after free 在释放后使用
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data race | 数据竞争 |
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dead code | 死代码，无效代码，不可达代码 |
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deallocate | 释放，重新分配 |
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declare | 声明 |
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deep copy | 深拷贝，深复制 |
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dependency | 依赖 |
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deref coercions | 解引用强制转换 |
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dereference | 解引用 | Rust 文章中有时简写为 Deref
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derive | 派生 |
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designator | 指示符 |
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destruction | 销毁，毁灭 |
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destructor | 析构器，析构函数 |
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destructure | 解构 |
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destructuring | 解构，解构赋值 |
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desugar | 脱糖 |
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diverge function | 发散函数 |
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device drive | 设备驱动 |
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directory | 目录 |
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dispatch | 分发 |
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diverging functions | 发散函数 |
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documentation | 文档 |
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dot operator | 点运算符 |
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DST | 动态大小类型 | dynamic sized type，一般不译，<br>使用英文缩写形式
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dynamic language | 动态类型语言 |
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dynamic trait type | 动态特质类型 |
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**E** | |
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enum variant | 枚举成员 |
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enumeration | 枚举 |
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encapsulation | 封装 |
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equality test | 相等测试 |
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elision | 省略 |
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exhaustiveness checking | 穷尽性检查，无遗漏检查 |
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executor | 执行器 |
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expression | 表达式 |
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expression-oriented language | 面向表达式的语言 |
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explicit | 显式 |
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explicit discriminator | 显式的辨别值 |
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explicit type conversion | 显式类型转换 |
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extension | 扩展名 |
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extern | 外，外部 | 作关键字时不译
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**F** | |
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fat pointer | 宽指针 |
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Feature | 暂时不译 | 在Rust中主要用于Cargo feature该词
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feature gate | 功能开关 |
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field | 字段 |
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field-level mutability | 字段级别可变性 |
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file | 文件 |
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fmt | 格式化，是 format 的缩写 |
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formatter | 格式化程序，格式化工具，格式器|
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floating-point number | 浮点数 |
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flow control | 流程控制 |
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Foreign Function Interface（FFI）| 外部语言函数接口 |
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fragment specifier | 片段分类符 |
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free variables | 自由变量 |
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freeze | 冻结 |
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function | 函数 |
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function declaration | 函数声明 |
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functional | 函数式 |
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**G** | |
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garbage collector | 垃圾回收 |
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generalize | 泛化，泛型化 |
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generator | 生成器 |
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generic | 泛型 |
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generic type | 泛型类型 |
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getter | 读访问器 |
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growable | 可增长的 |
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guard | 守卫 |
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**H** | |
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handle error | 句柄错误 |
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hash | 哈希，哈希值，散列 |
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hash map | 散列映射，哈希表 |
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heap | 堆 |
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hierarchy | 层次，分层，层次结构 |
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higher rank lifetime | 高阶生命周期 |
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higher rank trait bound | 高阶特质约束 |
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higher rank type | 高阶类型 |
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hygiene | 卫生 |
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hygienic macro system | 卫生宏系统 |
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**I** | |
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ICE | 编译内部错误 | internal compiler error 的缩写
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immutable | 不可变的 |
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implement | 实现 |
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implementor | 实现者 |
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implicit | 隐式 |
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implicit discriminator | 隐式的辨别值 |
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implicit type conversion | 隐式类型转换 |
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import | 导入 |
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in assignment | 在赋值（语句） |
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index | 索引 | 英语复数形式：indices
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infer | 推导（动词） |
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inference | 推导（名词） |
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inherited mutability | 承袭可变性 |
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inheritance | 继承 |
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integrated development <br>environment(IDE) | 集成开发环境 | 中文著作中通常直接写成 IDE
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integration-style test | 集成测试 |
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interior mutability | 内部可变性 |
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installer | 安装程序，安装器 |
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instance | 实例 |
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instance method | 实例方法 |
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integer | 整型，整数 |
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interact | 相互作用，相互影响 |
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interior mutability | 内部可变性 |
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intrinsic | 固有的 |
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invoke | 调用 |
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item | 项，条目，项目 |
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iterate | 重复 |
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iteration | 迭代 |
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iterator | 迭代器 |
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iterator adaptors | 迭代器适配器 |
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iterator invalidation | 迭代器失效 |
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**L** | |
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local variables | 局部变量 |
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LHS | 左操作数 | left-hand side 的非正式缩写，<br>与 RHS 相对
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lender | 借出者 |
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library | 库 |
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lifetime | 生命周期 |
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lifetime elision | 生命周期消除 |
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link | 链接 |
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linked-list | 链表 |
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lint | 代码静态分析 | Lint, or a linter, is a static code analysis tool used to flag programming errors, bugs, stylistic errors and suspicious constructs |
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list | 列表 |
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listener | 监听器 |
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literal | 数据，常量数据，字面值，字面量，<br>字面常量，字面上的 | 英文意思：字面意义的（内容）
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LLVM | （不译） | Low Level Virtual Machine 的缩写，<br>是构建编译器的系统
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loop | 循环 | 作关键字时不译
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low-level code | 底层代码 |
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low-level language | 底层语言 |
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l-value | 左值 |
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**M** | |
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main function | main 函数，主函数 |
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macro | 宏 |
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map | 映射 | 一般不译
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match guard | 匹配守卫 |
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memory | 内存 |
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memory leak | 内存泄露 |
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memory safe | 内存安全 |
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meta | 原则，元 |
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metadata | 元数据 |
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metaprogramming | 元编程 |
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metavariable | 元变量 |
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method call syntax | 方法调用语法 |
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method chaining | 方法链 |
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method definition | 方法定义 |
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modifier | 修饰符 |
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module | 模块 |
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monomorphization | 单态 | mono: one, morph: form
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move | 移动，转移 | 按照 Rust 所规定的内容，<br>英语单词 transfer 的意思<br>比 move 更贴合实际描述<br>参考：[Rust by Example](http://rustwiki.org/rust-by-example/scope/move.html)
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move semantics | 移动语义 |
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mutability | 可变性 |
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mutable | 可变 |
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mutable reference | 可变引用 |
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multiple bounds | 多重约束 |
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mutiple patterns | 多重模式 |
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**N** | |
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naming | 命名 |
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nest | 嵌套 |
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Nightly Rust | Rust 开发版 | nightly本意是“每夜，每天晚上”，<br>指代码每天都更新
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NLL | 非词法生命周期 | non lexical lifetime 的缩写，<br>一般不译
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non-copy type | 非复制类型 |
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non-generic | 非泛型 |
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no-op | 空操作，空运算 | (此词出现在类型转换章节中）
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non-commutative | 非交换的 |
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non-scalar cast | 非标量转换 |
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notation | 符号，记号 |
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number type | 数据类型
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numeric | 数值，数字 |
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**O** | |
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optimization | 优化 |
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out-of-bounds accessing | 越界访问 |
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orphan rule | 孤儿规则 |
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overflow | 溢出，越界 |
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own | 占有，拥有 |
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owned | 所拥有的 |
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owner | 所有者，拥有者 |
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ownership | 所有权 |
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**P** | |
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package | 不翻译 |
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panic | 异常、致命错误、不译 | 在 Rust 中用于不可恢复的错误处理，跟其它语言的exception类似
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parallelism | 并行 |
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parameter | 参数 |
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parametric polymorphism | 参数多态 |
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parent scope | 父级作用域 |
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parentheses | 小括号，包括“(”和“)” |
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parse | 分析，解析 |
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parser | （语法）分析器，解析器 |
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pattern | 模式 |
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pattern match | 模式匹配 |
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phantom type | 虚类型，虚位类型 | phantom 相关的专有名词：<br>phantom bug 幻影指令<br>phantom power 幻象电源<br>参见：[Haskell](https://wiki.haskell.org/Phantom_type)、[Haskell/Phantom_type](https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Haskell/Phantom_types)、<br>[Rust/Phantom](http://rustwiki.org/rust-by-example/generics/phantom.html)、[stdlib/PhantomData](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/struct.PhantomData.html)
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platform | 平台 |
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polymorphism | 多态 |
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powershell |（不译） | Windows 系统的一种命令行外壳程序<br>和脚本环境
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possibility of absence | 不存在的可能性 |
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precede | 预先？，在...发生（或出现） |
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prelude |（不译） | 预先导入模块，英文本意：序曲，前奏
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primitive types | 原生类型，基本类型，简单类型 |
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print | 打印 |
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process | 进程 |
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procedural macros | 过程宏，程序宏 |
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project | 项目，工程 |
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prototype | 原型 |
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**R** | |
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race condition | 竞态条件 |
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RAII | 资源获取即初始化（一般不译） | resource acquisition is initialization 的缩写
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range | 区间，范围 |
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range expression | 区间表达式 |
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raw identifier | 原生标识符 |
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raw pointer | 裸指针 |
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RC | 引用计数 | reference counted
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reader | 读取器 |
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reader/writer | 读写器 |
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recursive macro | 递归宏 |
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reference | 引用 |
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reference cycle | 引用循环 |
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release | 发布 |
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resource | 资源 |
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resource leak | 资源泄露 |
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RHS | 右操作数 | right-hand side 的非正式缩写，<br>与 LHS 相对
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root directory | 根目录 |
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runtime | 运行时 |
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runtime behavior | 运行时行为 |
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runtime overhead | 运行时开销 |
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Rust | （不译） | 一种编程语言
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Rustacean | （不译） | 编写 Rust 的程序员或爱好者的通称
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rustc | （不译） | Rust 语言编译器
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r-value | 右值 |
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**S** | |
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scalar | 标量，数量 |
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schedule | 调度 |
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scope | 作用域 |
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screen | 屏幕 |
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script | 脚本 |
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semicolon | 分号，“;” |
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self | 自身，作关键字时不译 |
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setter | 写访问器 |
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shadow | 遮蔽，隐蔽，隐藏，覆盖 |
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shallow copy | 浅拷贝，浅复制 |
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signature | 标记 |
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slice | 切片 |
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snake case | 蛇形命名 | 参见：[Snake case](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snake_case)
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source file | 源文件 |
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source code | 源代码 |
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specialization | 泛型特化 |
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square | 平方，二次方，二次幂 |
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square brackets | 中括号，“[”和“]” |
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src | （不译） | source 的缩写，指源代码
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stack | 栈 |
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stack unwind | 栈解开、栈展开 |
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statement | 语句 |
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statically allocated | 静态分配 |
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statically allocated string | 静态分配的字符串 |
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statically dispatch | 静态分发 |
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static method | 静态方法 |
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string | 字符串 |
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string literal | 字符串常量 |
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string slices | 字符串切片 |
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stringify | 字符串化 |
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subscript notation | 下标 |
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sugar | 糖 |
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super | 父级，作关键字时不译 |
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syntax context | 语法上下文 |
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systems programming language | 系统级编程语言 |
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**T** | |
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tagged union | 标记联合 |
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target triple | 多层次指标，三层/重 指标/目标 | triple 本义是“三”，但此处虚指“多”，<br>此词翻译需要更多讨论
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terminal | 终端 |
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testing | 测试 |
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testsuit | 测试套件 |
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the least significant bit (LSB) | 最低数字位 |
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the most significant bit (MSB) | 最高数字位 |
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thread | 线程 |
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TOML | （不译） | Tom's Obvious, Minimal Language <br>的缩写，一种配置语言
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token tree | 令牌树？ | 待进一步斟酌
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trait | 特征 | 其字面上有“特性，特征”之意
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trait bound | 特征约束 | bound 有“约束，限制，限定”之意
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trait object | 特征对象 |
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transmute | （不译） | 其字面上有“变化，变形，变异”之意，<br>不作翻译
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trivial | 平凡的 |
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troubleshooting | 疑难解答，故障诊断，<br>故障排除，故障分析 |
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tuple | 元组 |
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turbofish | 双冒号`::` ｜ 难以翻译，所以直接用形译法
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two's complement | 补码，二补数 |
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two-word object | 双字对象 |
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type annotation | 类型标注 |
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type erasure | 类型擦除 |
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type inference | 类型推导 |
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type inference engine | 类型推导引擎 |
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type parameter | 类型参量 |
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type placeholder | 类型占位符 |
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type signature | 类型标记 |
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**U** | |
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undefined behavior | 未定义行为 |
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uninstall | 卸载 |
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unit-like struct | 类单元结构体 |
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unit struct | 单元结构体 |
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"unit-style" tests | 单元测试 |
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unit test | 单元测试 |
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unit type | 单元类型 |
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universal function call syntax <br>(UFCS) | 通用函数调用语法 |
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unsized types | 不定长类型 |
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unwind | 展开 |
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unwrap | 解包 | 暂译！
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**V** | |
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variable binding | 变量绑定 |
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variable shadowing | 变量遮蔽，变量隐蔽,<br>变量隐藏，变量覆盖 |
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variable capture | 变量捕获 |
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variant | 变量 |
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vector | （动态数组，一般不译） | vector 本义是“向量”
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visibility | 可见性 |
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vtable | 虚表 |
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**W** | |
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where clause | where 子句，where 从句，where 分句 | 在数据库的官方手册中多翻译成“子句”，英语语法中翻译成“从句”
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workspace | 工作空间 |
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wrap | 包装 | 暂译！
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wrapped | 装包 |
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wrapper | 装包 |
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writer | 写入器 |
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**Y** | |
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yield | 产生(收益、效益等)，产出，提供|
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**Z** | |
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zero-cost abstractions | 零开销抽象 |
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zero-width space(ZWSP) | 零宽空格 |
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