Merge pull request #267 from mg-chao/20220120_translate_option

[rust-exercise] 翻译 option 部分

exercise/exercises/generics/README.md

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
-# Generics
+# 泛型
 
-Generics is the topic of generalizing types and functionalities to broader cases.
-This is extremely useful for reducing code duplication in many ways, but can call for rather involving syntax.
-Namely, being generic requires taking great care to specify over which types a generic type is actually considered valid.
-The simplest and most common use of generics is for type parameters.
+泛型的主旨是把类型和函数泛化到多种情况。
+这在很多方面有助于减少重复代码，但也可能需要为此使用相当多的语法。
+也就是说，使用泛型的话则需要小心谨慎地标明泛型适用于哪些类型。
 
-## Further information
+## 更多信息
 
 - [Generic Data Types](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/book/ch10-01-syntax.html)
 - [Bounds](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/generics/bounds.html)

exercise/exercises/option/README.md

@@ -1,17 +1,33 @@
 # Option
 
-Type Option represents an optional value: every Option is either Some and contains a value, or None, and does not. 
-Option types are very common in Rust code, as they have a number of uses:
-- Initial values
-- Return values for functions that are not defined over their entire input range (partial functions)
-- Return value for otherwise reporting simple errors, where None is returned on error
-- Optional struct fields
-- Struct fields that can be loaned or "taken"
-- Optional function arguments
-- Nullable pointers
-- Swapping things out of difficult situations
+Option 类型代表可选的值：每个 Option 要么是 Some ，包含一个值；要么是 None ，表示空值。
+Option 在 Rust 代码中十分常见，因为它有许多用途：
+- 初始值
+- 输入值不符合定义的情况下作为函数的返回值（部分函数）。
+- 返回 None 作为简单错误的返回值
+- 可选的结构字段
+- 可以借用或 "取走" 的结构字段（的值）
+- 可选的函数参数
+- 空指针
+- 在某些情况下交换值*
 
-## Further Information
+译注：“在某些情况下交换值”可以假设有个可变数组，现在要通过两个可变引用来交换其中两个元素的值。但 Rust 显然不允许有两个对数组的可变引用，这时候可以用 Option 包装下元素值，比如：
+
+``` rust
+fn main() {
+    let mut array = vec![Some(1), Some(2)];
+    let a = array.get_mut(0).unwrap().take().unwrap();
+    let b = array.get_mut(1).unwrap().replace(a);
+    *array.get_mut(0).unwrap() = b;
+    println!("{:?}", array);// [Some(2), Some(1)]
+}
+```
+
+嘿嘿，有点强行了。
+[示例参考](https://zulip-archive.rust-lang.org/stream/122651-general/topic/.60Option.60.20.22swapping.20things.20out.20of.20difficult.20situations.22.3F.html)
+[关于 Option 的描述来自于](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/)
+
+## 更多信息
 
 - [Option Enum Format](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/book/ch10-01-syntax.html#in-enum-definitions)
 - [Option Module Documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/)

exercise/exercises/option/option1.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 // option1.rs
-// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint option1` for hints
+// 让我通过编译！执行 `rustlings hint option1` 获取提示！
 
 // I AM NOT DONE
 
-// you can modify anything EXCEPT for this function's sig
+// 你可以自由修改代码，但这个函数签名除外。
 fn print_number(maybe_number: Option<u16>) {
     println!("printing: {}", maybe_number.unwrap());
 }

exercise/exercises/option/option2.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 // option2.rs
-// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint option2` for hints
+// 让我通过编译！执行 `rustlings hint option2` 获取提示！
 
 // I AM NOT DONE
 
 fn main() {
     let optional_word = Some(String::from("rustlings"));
-    // TODO: Make this an if let statement whose value is "Some" type
+    // TODO：改成适用于值为 "Some" 类型的 if let 语句，
     word = optional_word {
         println!("The word is: {}", word);
     } else {
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ fn main() {
         optional_integers_vec.push(Some(x));
     }
 
-    // TODO: make this a while let statement - remember that vector.pop also adds another layer of Option<T>
-    // You can stack `Option<T>`'s into while let and if let
+    // TODO：改成 while let 语句——记住，vector.pop 的返回类型为 Option<T>。
+    // 你可以多次层叠地对 `Option<T>` 使用 while let 或 if let
     integer = optional_integers_vec.pop() {
         println!("current value: {}", integer);
     }

exercise/exercises/option/option3.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 // option3.rs
-// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint option3` for hints
+// 让我通过编译！执行 `rustlings hint option3` 获取提示
 
 // I AM NOT DONE
 
@@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ fn main() {
         Some(p) => println!("Co-ordinates are {},{} ", p.x, p.y),
         _ => println!("no match"),
     }
-    y; // Fix without deleting this line.
+    y; // 无需删除这行就可以解决。
 }

exercise/info.toml

@@ -549,15 +549,15 @@ name = "option1"
 path = "exercises/option/option1.rs"
 mode = "compile"
 hint = """
-Hint 1: Check out some functions of Option:
+提示 1：了解 Option 的一些方法：
 is_some
 is_none
 unwrap
 
-and:
-pattern matching
+和：
+模式匹配
 
-Hint 2: There are no sensible defaults for the value of an Array; the values need to be filled before use.
+提示 2：数组没有合适的默认值；在使用前需要添加这些值。
 """
 
 [[exercises]]
@@ -565,13 +565,13 @@ name = "option2"
 path = "exercises/option/option2.rs"
 mode = "compile"
 hint = """
-check out:
+查看：
 https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/flow_control/if_let.html
 https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/flow_control/while_let.html
 
-Remember that Options can be stacked in if let and while let.
-For example: Some(Some(variable)) = variable2
-Also see Option::flatten
+记住，可以多次层叠地对 Options 使用 if let 或 while let 。
+例如: Some(Some(variable)) = variable2
+也可以参考下 Option::flatten
 """
 
 [[exercises]]
@@ -579,10 +579,9 @@ name = "option3"
 path = "exercises/option/option3.rs"
 mode = "compile"
 hint = """
-The compiler says a partial move happened in the `match`
-statement. How can this be avoided? The compiler shows the correction
-needed. After making the correction as suggested by the compiler, do
-read: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.ref.html"""
+编译器说 `match` 语句中发生了部分移动。
+怎样避免这种情况？编译器也已给出了所需的修正。
+按照编译器的建议进行修正后，请阅读：https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.ref.html"""
 
 # TRAITS