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<main>
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<h1 id="模块-module"><a class="header" href="#模块-module">模块 Module</a></h1>
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<p>在本章节,我们将深入讲讲 Rust 的代码构成单元:模块。使用模块可以将包中的代码按照功能性进行重组,最终实现更好的可读性及易用性。同时,我们还能非常灵活地去控制代码的可见性,进一步强化 Rust 的安全性。</p>
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<h2 id="创建嵌套模块"><a class="header" href="#创建嵌套模块">创建嵌套模块</a></h2>
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<p>小旅馆,sorry,是小餐馆,相信大家都挺熟悉的,学校外的估计也没少去,那么咱就用小餐馆为例,来看看 Rust 的模块该如何使用。</p>
|
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<p>使用 <code>cargo new --lib restaurant</code> 创建一个小餐馆,注意,这里创建的是一个库类型的 <code>Package</code>,然后将以下代码放入 <code>src/lib.rs</code> 中:</p>
|
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<pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2021"><span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
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</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
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</span>// 餐厅前厅,用于吃饭
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mod front_of_house {
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mod hosting {
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fn add_to_waitlist() {}
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fn seat_at_table() {}
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}
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mod serving {
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fn take_order() {}
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fn serve_order() {}
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fn take_payment() {}
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}
|
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}
|
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<span class="boring">}</span></code></pre>
|
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<p>以上的代码创建了三个模块,有几点需要注意的:</p>
|
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<ul>
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|
|
<li>使用 <code>mod</code> 关键字来创建新模块,后面紧跟着模块名称</li>
|
|
|
<li>模块可以嵌套,这里嵌套的原因是招待客人和服务都发生在前厅,因此我们的代码模拟了真实场景</li>
|
|
|
<li>模块中可以定义各种 Rust 类型,例如函数、结构体、枚举、特征等</li>
|
|
|
<li>所有模块均定义在同一个文件中</li>
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
<p>类似上述代码中所做的,使用模块,我们就能将功能相关的代码组织到一起,然后通过一个模块名称来说明这些代码为何被组织在一起。这样其它程序员在使用你的模块时,就可以更快地理解和上手。</p>
|
|
|
<h2 id="模块树"><a class="header" href="#模块树">模块树</a></h2>
|
|
|
<p>在<a href="https://course.rs/basic/crate-module/crate.html">上一节</a>中,我们提到过 <code>src/main.rs</code> 和 <code>src/lib.rs</code> 被称为包根(crate root),这个奇葩名称的来源(我不想承认是自己翻译水平太烂-,-)是由于这两个文件的内容形成了一个模块 <code>crate</code>,该模块位于包的树形结构(由模块组成的树形结构)的根部:</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-console">crate
|
|
|
└── front_of_house
|
|
|
├── hosting
|
|
|
│ ├── add_to_waitlist
|
|
|
│ └── seat_at_table
|
|
|
└── serving
|
|
|
├── take_order
|
|
|
├── serve_order
|
|
|
└── take_payment
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>这颗树展示了模块之间<strong>彼此的嵌套</strong>关系,因此被称为<strong>模块树</strong>。其中 <code>crate</code> 包根是 <code>src/lib.rs</code> 文件,包根文件中的三个模块分别形成了模块树的剩余部分。</p>
|
|
|
<h4 id="父子模块"><a class="header" href="#父子模块">父子模块</a></h4>
|
|
|
<p>如果模块 <code>A</code> 包含模块 <code>B</code>,那么 <code>A</code> 是 <code>B</code> 的父模块,<code>B</code> 是 <code>A</code> 的子模块。在上例中,<code>front_of_house</code> 是 <code>hosting</code> 和 <code>serving</code> 的父模块,反之,后两者是前者的子模块。</p>
|
|
|
<p>聪明的读者,应该能联想到,模块树跟计算机上文件系统目录树的相似之处。不仅仅是组织结构上的相似,就连使用方式都很相似:每个文件都有自己的路径,用户可以通过这些路径使用它们,在 Rust 中,我们也通过路径的方式来引用模块。</p>
|
|
|
<h2 id="用路径引用模块"><a class="header" href="#用路径引用模块">用路径引用模块</a></h2>
|
|
|
<p>想要调用一个函数,就需要知道它的路径,在 Rust 中,这种路径有两种形式:</p>
|
|
|
<ul>
|
|
|
<li><strong>绝对路径</strong>,从包根开始,路径名以包名或者 <code>crate</code> 作为开头</li>
|
|
|
<li><strong>相对路径</strong>,从当前模块开始,以 <code>self</code>,<code>super</code> 或当前模块的标识符作为开头</li>
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
<p>让我们继续经营那个惨淡的小餐馆,这次为它实现一个小功能:
|
|
|
<span class="filename">文件名:src/lib.rs</span></p>
|
|
|
<pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2021"><span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
|
|
</span>mod front_of_house {
|
|
|
mod hosting {
|
|
|
fn add_to_waitlist() {}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
pub fn eat_at_restaurant() {
|
|
|
// 绝对路径
|
|
|
crate::front_of_house::hosting::add_to_waitlist();
|
|
|
|
|
|
// 相对路径
|
|
|
front_of_house::hosting::add_to_waitlist();
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
<span class="boring">}</span></code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>上面的代码为了简化实现,省去了其余模块和函数,这样可以把关注点放在函数调用上。<code>eat_at_restaurant</code> 是一个定义在包根中的函数,在该函数中使用了两种方式对 <code>add_to_waitlist</code> 进行调用。</p>
|
|
|
<h4 id="绝对路径引用"><a class="header" href="#绝对路径引用">绝对路径引用</a></h4>
|
|
|
<p>因为 <code>eat_at_restaurant</code> 和 <code>add_to_waitlist</code> 都定义在一个包中,因此在绝对路径引用时,可以直接以 <code>crate</code> 开头,然后逐层引用,每一层之间使用 <code>::</code> 分隔:</p>
|
|
|
<pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2021"><span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
|
|
</span>crate::front_of_house::hosting::add_to_waitlist();
|
|
|
<span class="boring">}</span></code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>对比下之前的模块树:</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-console">crate
|
|
|
└── eat_at_restaurant
|
|
|
└── front_of_house
|
|
|
├── hosting
|
|
|
│ ├── add_to_waitlist
|
|
|
│ └── seat_at_table
|
|
|
└── serving
|
|
|
├── take_order
|
|
|
├── serve_order
|
|
|
└── take_payment
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>可以看出,绝对路径的调用,完全符合了模块树的层级递进,非常符合直觉,如果类比文件系统,就跟使用绝对路径调用可执行程序差不多:<code>/front_of_house/hosting/add_to_waitlist</code>,使用 <code>crate</code> 作为开始就和使用 <code>/</code> 作为开始一样。</p>
|
|
|
<h4 id="相对路径引用"><a class="header" href="#相对路径引用">相对路径引用</a></h4>
|
|
|
<p>再回到模块树中,因为 <code>eat_at_restaurant</code> 和 <code>front_of_house</code> 都处于包根 <code>crate</code> 中,因此相对路径可以使用 <code>front_of_house</code> 作为开头:</p>
|
|
|
<pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2021"><span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
|
|
</span>front_of_house::hosting::add_to_waitlist();
|
|
|
<span class="boring">}</span></code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>如果类比文件系统,那么它类似于调用同一个目录下的程序,你可以这么做:<code>front_of_house/hosting/add_to_waitlist</code>,嗯也很符合直觉。</p>
|
|
|
<h4 id="绝对还是相对"><a class="header" href="#绝对还是相对">绝对还是相对?</a></h4>
|
|
|
<p>如果只是为了引用到指定模块中的对象,那么两种都可以,但是在实际使用时,需要遵循一个原则:<strong>当代码被挪动位置时,尽量减少引用路径的修改</strong>,相信大家都遇到过,修改了某处代码,导致所有路径都要挨个替换,这显然不是好的路径选择。</p>
|
|
|
<p>回到之前的例子,假设要把 <code>front_of_house</code> 模块和 <code>eat_at_restaurant</code> 移动到一个模块中 <code>customer_experience</code>,那么绝对路径的引用方式就必须进行修改:<code>crate::customer_experience::front_of_house ...</code>,但如果使用的是相对路径,那该路径就无需修改,因为它们的相对位置其实没有变:</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-console">crate
|
|
|
└── customer_experience
|
|
|
└── eat_at_restaurant
|
|
|
└── front_of_house
|
|
|
├── hosting
|
|
|
│ ├── add_to_waitlist
|
|
|
│ └── seat_at_table
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>从新的模块树中可以很清晰的看出这一点。</p>
|
|
|
<p>再比如,其它的都不动,把 <code>eat_at_restaurant</code> 移动到模块 <code>dining</code> 中,如果使用相对路径,你需要修改该路径,但如果使用的是绝对路径,就无需修改:</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-console">crate
|
|
|
└── dining
|
|
|
└── eat_at_restaurant
|
|
|
└── front_of_house
|
|
|
├── hosting
|
|
|
│ ├── add_to_waitlist
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>不过,如果不确定哪个好,你可以考虑优先使用绝对路径,因为调用的地方和定义的地方往往是分离的,而定义的地方较少会变动。</p>
|
|
|
<h2 id="代码可见性"><a class="header" href="#代码可见性">代码可见性</a></h2>
|
|
|
<p>让我们运行下面(之前)的代码:</p>
|
|
|
<pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2021"><span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
|
|
</span>mod front_of_house {
|
|
|
mod hosting {
|
|
|
fn add_to_waitlist() {}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
pub fn eat_at_restaurant() {
|
|
|
// 绝对路径
|
|
|
crate::front_of_house::hosting::add_to_waitlist();
|
|
|
|
|
|
// 相对路径
|
|
|
front_of_house::hosting::add_to_waitlist();
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
<span class="boring">}</span></code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>运行 <code>cargo build</code> 编译此库类型的 <code>Package</code>,意料之外的报错了,毕竟看上去确实很简单且没有任何问题:</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-console">error[E0603]: module `hosting` is private
|
|
|
--> src/lib.rs:9:28
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9 | crate::front_of_house::hosting::add_to_waitlist();
|
|
|
| ^^^^^^^ private module
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>错误信息很清晰:<code>hosting</code> 模块是私有的,无法在包根进行访问,那么为何 <code>front_of_house</code> 模块就可以访问?因为它和 <code>eat_at_restaurant</code> 同属于一个包根作用域内,同一个模块内的代码自然不存在私有化问题(所以我们之前章节的代码都没有报过这个错误!)。</p>
|
|
|
<p>模块不仅仅对于组织代码很有用,它还能定义代码的私有化边界:在这个边界内,什么内容能让外界看到,什么内容不能,都有很明确的定义。因此,如果希望让函数或者结构体等类型变成私有化的,可以使用模块。</p>
|
|
|
<p>Rust 出于安全的考虑,默认情况下,所有的类型都是私有化的,包括函数、方法、结构体、枚举、常量,是的,就连模块本身也是私有化的。在中国,父亲往往不希望孩子拥有小秘密,但是在 Rust 中,<strong>父模块完全无法访问子模块中的私有项,但是子模块却可以访问父模块、父父..模块的私有项</strong>。</p>
|
|
|
<h4 id="pub-关键字"><a class="header" href="#pub-关键字">pub 关键字</a></h4>
|
|
|
<p>类似其它语言的 <code>public</code> 或者 Go 语言中的首字母大写,Rust 提供了 <code>pub</code> 关键字,通过它你可以控制模块和模块中指定项的可见性。</p>
|
|
|
<p>由于之前的解释,我们知道了只需要将 <code>hosting</code> 模块标记为对外可见即可:</p>
|
|
|
<pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2021"><span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
|
|
</span>mod front_of_house {
|
|
|
pub mod hosting {
|
|
|
fn add_to_waitlist() {}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
/*--- snip ----*/
|
|
|
<span class="boring">}</span></code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>但是不幸的是,又报错了:</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-console">error[E0603]: function `add_to_waitlist` is private
|
|
|
--> src/lib.rs:12:30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12 | front_of_house::hosting::add_to_waitlist();
|
|
|
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ private function
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>哦?难道模块可见还不够,还需要将函数 <code>add_to_waitlist</code> 标记为可见的吗? 是的,没错,模块可见性不代表模块内部项的可见性,模块的可见性仅仅是允许其它模块去引用它,但是想要引用它内部的项,还得继续将对应的项标记为 <code>pub</code>。</p>
|
|
|
<p>在实际项目中,一个模块需要对外暴露的数据和 API 往往就寥寥数个,如果将模块标记为可见代表着内部项也全部对外可见,那你是不是还得把那些不可见的,一个一个标记为 <code>private</code>?反而是更麻烦的多。</p>
|
|
|
<p>既然知道了如何解决,那么我们为函数也标记上 <code>pub</code>:</p>
|
|
|
<pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2021"><span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
|
|
</span>mod front_of_house {
|
|
|
pub mod hosting {
|
|
|
pub fn add_to_waitlist() {}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
/*--- snip ----*/
|
|
|
<span class="boring">}</span></code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>Bang,顺利通过编译,感觉自己又变强了。</p>
|
|
|
<h2 id="使用-super-引用模块"><a class="header" href="#使用-super-引用模块">使用 <code>super</code> 引用模块</a></h2>
|
|
|
<p>在<a href="#用路径引用模块">用路径引用模块</a>中,我们提到了相对路径有三种方式开始:<code>self</code>、<code>super</code>和 <code>crate</code> 或者模块名,其中第三种在前面已经讲到过,现在来看看通过 <code>super</code> 的方式引用模块项。</p>
|
|
|
<p><code>super</code> 代表的是父模块为开始的引用方式,非常类似于文件系统中的 <code>..</code> 语法:<code>../a/b</code>
|
|
|
<span class="filename">文件名:src/lib.rs</span></p>
|
|
|
<pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2021"><span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
|
|
</span>fn serve_order() {}
|
|
|
|
|
|
// 厨房模块
|
|
|
mod back_of_house {
|
|
|
fn fix_incorrect_order() {
|
|
|
cook_order();
|
|
|
super::serve_order();
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
fn cook_order() {}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
<span class="boring">}</span></code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>嗯,我们的小餐馆又完善了,终于有厨房了!看来第一个客人也快可以有了。。。在厨房模块中,使用 <code>super::serve_order</code> 语法,调用了父模块(包根)中的 <code>serve_order</code> 函数。</p>
|
|
|
<p>那么你可能会问,为何不使用 <code>crate::serve_order</code> 的方式?额,其实也可以,不过如果你确定未来这种层级关系不会改变,那么 <code>super::serve_order</code> 的方式会更稳定,未来就算它们都不在包根了,依然无需修改引用路径。所以路径的选用,往往还是取决于场景,以及未来代码的可能走向。</p>
|
|
|
<h2 id="使用-self-引用模块"><a class="header" href="#使用-self-引用模块">使用 <code>self</code> 引用模块</a></h2>
|
|
|
<p><code>self</code> 其实就是引用自身模块中的项,也就是说和我们之前章节的代码类似,都调用同一模块中的内容,区别在于之前章节中直接通过名称调用即可,而 <code>self</code>,你得多此一举:</p>
|
|
|
<pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2021"><span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
|
|
</span>fn serve_order() {
|
|
|
self::back_of_house::cook_order()
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
mod back_of_house {
|
|
|
fn fix_incorrect_order() {
|
|
|
cook_order();
|
|
|
crate::serve_order();
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
pub fn cook_order() {}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
<span class="boring">}</span></code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>是的,多此一举,因为完全可以直接调用 <code>back_of_house</code>,但是 <code>self</code> 还有一个大用处,在下一节中我们会讲。</p>
|
|
|
<h2 id="结构体和枚举的可见性"><a class="header" href="#结构体和枚举的可见性">结构体和枚举的可见性</a></h2>
|
|
|
<p>为何要把结构体和枚举的可见性单独拎出来讲呢?因为这两个家伙的成员字段拥有完全不同的可见性:</p>
|
|
|
<ul>
|
|
|
<li>将结构体设置为 <code>pub</code>,但它的所有字段依然是私有的</li>
|
|
|
<li>将枚举设置为 <code>pub</code>,它的所有字段也将对外可见</li>
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
<p>原因在于,枚举和结构体的使用方式不一样。如果枚举的成员对外不可见,那该枚举将一点用都没有,因此枚举成员的可见性自动跟枚举可见性保持一致,这样可以简化用户的使用。</p>
|
|
|
<p>而结构体的应用场景比较复杂,其中的字段也往往部分在 A 处被使用,部分在 B 处被使用,因此无法确定成员的可见性,那索性就设置为全部不可见,将选择权交给程序员。</p>
|
|
|
<h2 id="模块与文件分离"><a class="header" href="#模块与文件分离">模块与文件分离</a></h2>
|
|
|
<p>在之前的例子中,我们所有的模块都定义在 <code>src/lib.rs</code> 中,但是当模块变多或者变大时,需要将模块放入一个单独的文件中,让代码更好维护。</p>
|
|
|
<p>现在,把 <code>front_of_house</code> 前厅分离出来,放入一个单独的文件中 <code>src/front_of_house.rs</code>:</p>
|
|
|
<pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2021"><span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
|
|
</span>pub mod hosting {
|
|
|
pub fn add_to_waitlist() {}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
<span class="boring">}</span></code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>然后,将以下代码留在 <code>src/lib.rs</code> 中:</p>
|
|
|
<pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2021"><span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
|
|
</span>mod front_of_house;
|
|
|
|
|
|
pub use crate::front_of_house::hosting;
|
|
|
|
|
|
pub fn eat_at_restaurant() {
|
|
|
hosting::add_to_waitlist();
|
|
|
hosting::add_to_waitlist();
|
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|
hosting::add_to_waitlist();
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
<span class="boring">}</span></code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>so easy!其实跟之前在同一个文件中也没有太大的不同,但是有几点值得注意:</p>
|
|
|
<ul>
|
|
|
<li><code>mod front_of_house;</code> 告诉 Rust 从另一个和模块 <code>front_of_house</code> 同名的文件中加载该模块的内容</li>
|
|
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<li>使用绝对路径的方式来引用 <code>hosting</code> 模块:<code>crate::front_of_house::hosting;</code></li>
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
<p>需要注意的是,和之前代码中 <code>mod front_of_house{..}</code> 的完整模块不同,现在的代码中,模块的声明和实现是分离的,实现是在单独的 <code>front_of_house.rs</code> 文件中,然后通过 <code>mod front_of_house;</code> 这条声明语句从该文件中把模块内容加载进来。因此我们可以认为,模块 <code>front_of_house</code> 的定义还是在 <code>src/lib.rs</code> 中,只不过模块的具体内容被移动到了 <code>src/front_of_house.rs</code> 文件中。</p>
|
|
|
<p>在这里出现了一个新的关键字 <code>use</code>,联想到其它章节我们见过的标准库引入 <code>use std::fmt;</code>,可以大致猜测,该关键字用来将外部模块中的项引入到当前作用域中来,这样无需冗长的父模块前缀即可调用:<code>hosting::add_to_waitlist();</code>,在下节中,我们将对 <code>use</code> 进行详细的讲解。</p>
|
|
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<p>当一个模块有许多子模块时,我们也可以通过文件夹的方式来组织这些子模块。</p>
|
|
|
<p>在上述例子中,我们可以创建一个目录 <code>front_of_house</code>,然后在文件夹里创建一个 <code>hosting.rs</code> 文件,<code>hosting.rs</code> 文件现在就剩下:</p>
|
|
|
<pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2021"><span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
|
|
</span>pub fn add_to_waitlist() {}
|
|
|
<span class="boring">}</span></code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>现在,我们尝试编译程序,很遗憾,编译器报错:</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code>error[E0583]: file not found for module `front_of_house`
|
|
|
--> src/lib.rs:3:1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 | mod front_of_house;
|
|
|
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
= help: to create the module `front_of_house`, create file "src/front_of_house.rs" or "src/front_of_house/mod.rs"
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>是的,如果需要将文件夹作为一个模块,我们需要进行显式指定暴露哪些子模块。按照上述的报错信息,我们有两种方法:</p>
|
|
|
<ul>
|
|
|
<li>在 <code>front_of_house</code> 目录里创建一个 <code>mod.rs</code>,如果你使用的 <code>rustc</code> 版本 <code>1.30</code> 之前,这是唯一的方法。</li>
|
|
|
<li>在 <code>front_of_house</code> <strong>同级</strong>目录里创建一个与模块(目录)<strong>同名</strong>的 rs 文件 <code>front_of_house.rs</code>,在新版本里,更建议使用这样的命名方式来避免项目中存在大量同名的 <code>mod.rs</code> 文件( Python 点了个 <code>踩</code>)。</li>
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
<p>如果使用第二种方式,文件结构将如下所示:</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-shell">src
|
|
|
├── front_of_house
|
|
|
│ └── hosting.rs
|
|
|
├── front_of_house.rs
|
|
|
└── lib.rs
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>而无论是上述哪个方式创建的文件,其内容都是一样的,你需要在定义你(<code>mod.rs</code> 或 <code>front_of_house.rs</code>)的子模块(子模块名与文件名相同):</p>
|
|
|
<pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust edition2021"><span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
|
|
|
</span>pub mod hosting;
|
|
|
// pub mod serving;
|
|
|
<span class="boring">}</span></code></pre>
|
|
|
<h2 id="课后练习"><a class="header" href="#课后练习">课后练习</a></h2>
|
|
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<blockquote>
|
|
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<p><a href="https://practice-zh.course.rs/crate-module/module.html">Rust By Practice</a>,支持代码在线编辑和运行,并提供详细的<a href="https://github.com/sunface/rust-by-practice/blob/master/solutions/crate-module/module.md">习题解答</a>。</p>
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