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<h2 id="使用-cargo-install-安装二进制文件"><a class="header" href="#使用-cargo-install-安装二进制文件">使用 <code>cargo install</code> 安装二进制文件</a></h2>
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<!-- commit 56ec353290429e6547109e88afea4de027b0f1a9 -->
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<p><code>cargo install</code> 命令用于在本地安装和使用二进制 crate。它并不打算替换系统中的包；它意在作为一个方便 Rust 开发者们安装其他人已经在 <a href="https://crates.io/">crates.io</a><!-- ignore --> 上共享的工具的手段。只有拥有二进制目标文件的包能够被安装。<strong>二进制目标</strong> 文件是在 crate 有 <em>src/main.rs</em> 或者其他指定为二进制文件时所创建的可执行程序，这不同于自身不能执行但适合包含在其他程序中的库目标文件。通常 crate 的 <em>README</em> 文件中有该 crate 是库、二进制目标还是两者兼有的信息。</p>
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<p>所有来自 <code>cargo install</code> 的二进制文件都安装到 Rust 安装根目录的 <em>bin</em> 文件夹中。如果你是使用 <em>rustup.rs</em> 来安装 Rust 且没有自定义任何配置，这个目录将是 <em>$HOME/.cargo/bin</em>。确保将这个目录添加到 <code>$PATH</code> 环境变量中就能够运行通过 <code>cargo install</code> 安装的程序了。</p>
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<p>例如，第十二章提到的叫做 <code>ripgrep</code> 的用于搜索文件的 <code>grep</code> 的 Rust 实现。为了安装 <code>ripgrep</code> 运行如下：</p>
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<pre><code class="language-console">$ cargo install ripgrep
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Updating crates.io index
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Downloaded ripgrep v14.1.1
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Downloaded 1 crate (213.6 KB) in 0.40s
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Installing ripgrep v14.1.1
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--snip--
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Compiling grep v0.3.2
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Finished `release` profile [optimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 6.73s
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Installing ~/.cargo/bin/rg
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Installed package `ripgrep v14.1.1` (executable `rg`)
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</code></pre>
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<p>倒数第二行输出展示了安装的二进制文件的位置和名称，在这里 <code>ripgrep</code> 被命名为 <code>rg</code>。只要你像上面提到的那样将安装目录加入 <code>$PATH</code>，就可以运行 <code>rg --help</code> 并开始使用一个更快更 Rust 的工具来搜索文件了！</p>
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