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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="title-page.html">Rust 程序设计语言</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="foreword.html">前言</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="ch00-00-introduction.html">简介</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-00-getting-started.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> 入门指南</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-01-installation.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> 安装</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-02-hello-world.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> Hello, World!</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-03-hello-cargo.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> Hello, Cargo!</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-00-guessing-game-tutorial.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> 写个猜数字游戏</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-00-common-programming-concepts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> 常见编程概念</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-01-variables-and-mutability.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> 变量与可变性</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-02-data-types.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> 数据类型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-03-how-functions-work.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> 函数</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-04-comments.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> 注释</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-05-control-flow.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> 控制流</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-00-understanding-ownership.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> 认识所有权</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-01-what-is-ownership.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> 什么是所有权？</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-02-references-and-borrowing.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> 引用与借用</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-03-slices.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.3.</strong> Slice 类型</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-00-structs.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> 使用结构体组织相关联的数据</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-01-defining-structs.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> 结构体的定义和实例化</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-02-example-structs.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> 结构体示例程序</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-03-method-syntax.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.</strong> 方法语法</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch06-00-enums.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.</strong> 枚举和模式匹配</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch06-01-defining-an-enum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.1.</strong> 枚举的定义</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch06-02-match.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.2.</strong> match 控制流结构</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch06-03-if-let.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.3.</strong> if let 简洁控制流</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch07-00-managing-growing-projects-with-packages-crates-and-modules.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.</strong> 使用包、Crate 和模块管理不断增长的项目</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch07-01-packages-and-crates.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.1.</strong> 包和 Crate</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch07-02-defining-modules-to-control-scope-and-privacy.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.2.</strong> 定义模块来控制作用域与私有性</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch07-03-paths-for-referring-to-an-item-in-the-module-tree.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.3.</strong> 引用模块项目的路径</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch07-04-bringing-paths-into-scope-with-the-use-keyword.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.4.</strong> 使用 use 关键字将路径引入作用域</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch07-05-separating-modules-into-different-files.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.5.</strong> 将模块拆分成多个文件</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch08-00-common-collections.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.</strong> 常见集合</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch08-01-vectors.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.1.</strong> 使用 Vector 储存列表</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch08-02-strings.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.2.</strong> 使用字符串储存 UTF-8 编码的文本</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch08-03-hash-maps.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.3.</strong> 使用 Hash Map 储存键值对</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch09-00-error-handling.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.</strong> 错误处理</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch09-01-unrecoverable-errors-with-panic.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.1.</strong> 用 panic! 处理不可恢复的错误</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch09-02-recoverable-errors-with-result.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.2.</strong> 用 Result 处理可恢复的错误</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch09-03-to-panic-or-not-to-panic.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.3.</strong> 要不要 panic!</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch10-00-generics.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">10.</strong> 泛型、Trait 和生命周期</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch10-01-syntax.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">10.1.</strong> 泛型数据类型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch10-02-traits.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">10.2.</strong> Trait：定义共同行为</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch10-03-lifetime-syntax.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">10.3.</strong> 生命周期确保引用有效</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch11-00-testing.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">11.</strong> 编写自动化测试</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch11-01-writing-tests.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">11.1.</strong> 如何编写测试</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch11-02-running-tests.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">11.2.</strong> 控制测试如何运行</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch11-03-test-organization.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">11.3.</strong> 测试的组织结构</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch12-00-an-io-project.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">12.</strong> 一个 I/O 项目：构建命令行程序</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch12-01-accepting-command-line-arguments.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">12.1.</strong> 接受命令行参数</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch12-02-reading-a-file.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">12.2.</strong> 读取文件</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch12-03-improving-error-handling-and-modularity.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">12.3.</strong> 重构以改进模块化与错误处理</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch12-04-testing-the-librarys-functionality.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">12.4.</strong> 采用测试驱动开发完善库的功能</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch12-05-working-with-environment-variables.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">12.5.</strong> 处理环境变量</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch12-06-writing-to-stderr-instead-of-stdout.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">12.6.</strong> 将错误信息输出到标准错误而不是标准输出</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch13-00-functional-features.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">13.</strong> Rust 中的函数式语言功能：迭代器与闭包</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch13-01-closures.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">13.1.</strong> 闭包：可以捕获其环境的匿名函数</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch13-02-iterators.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">13.2.</strong> 使用迭代器处理元素序列</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch13-03-improving-our-io-project.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">13.3.</strong> 改进之前的 I/O 项目</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch13-04-performance.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">13.4.</strong> 性能比较：循环对迭代器</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch14-00-more-about-cargo.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">14.</strong> 更多关于 Cargo 和 Crates.io 的内容</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch14-01-release-profiles.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">14.1.</strong> 采用发布配置自定义构建</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch14-02-publishing-to-crates-io.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">14.2.</strong> 将 crate 发布到 Crates.io</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch14-03-cargo-workspaces.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">14.3.</strong> Cargo 工作空间</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch14-04-installing-binaries.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">14.4.</strong> 使用 cargo install 安装二进制文件</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch14-05-extending-cargo.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">14.5.</strong> Cargo 自定义扩展命令</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch15-00-smart-pointers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">15.</strong> 智能指针</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch15-01-box.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">15.1.</strong> 使用 Box<T> 指向堆上数据</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch15-02-deref.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">15.2.</strong> 使用 Deref Trait 将智能指针当作常规引用处理</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch15-03-drop.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">15.3.</strong> 使用 Drop Trait 运行清理代码</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch15-04-rc.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">15.4.</strong> Rc<T> 引用计数智能指针</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch15-05-interior-mutability.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">15.5.</strong> RefCell<T> 与内部可变性模式</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch15-06-reference-cycles.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">15.6.</strong> 引用循环会导致内存泄漏</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch16-00-concurrency.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">16.</strong> 无畏并发</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch16-01-threads.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">16.1.</strong> 使用线程同时地运行代码</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch16-02-message-passing.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">16.2.</strong> 使用消息传递在线程间通信</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch16-03-shared-state.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">16.3.</strong> 共享状态并发</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch16-04-extensible-concurrency-sync-and-send.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">16.4.</strong> 使用 Sync 与 Send Traits 的可扩展并发</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch17-00-oop.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">17.</strong> Rust 的面向对象编程特性</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch17-01-what-is-oo.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">17.1.</strong> 面向对象语言的特点</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch17-02-trait-objects.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">17.2.</strong> 顾及不同类型值的 trait 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch17-03-oo-design-patterns.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">17.3.</strong> 面向对象设计模式的实现</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch18-00-patterns.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">18.</strong> 模式与模式匹配</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch18-01-all-the-places-for-patterns.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">18.1.</strong> 所有可能会用到模式的位置</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch18-02-refutability.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">18.2.</strong> Refutability（可反驳性）: 模式是否会匹配失效</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch18-03-pattern-syntax.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">18.3.</strong> 模式语法</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch19-00-advanced-features.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">19.</strong> 高级特征</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch19-01-unsafe-rust.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">19.1.</strong> 不安全的 Rust</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch19-03-advanced-traits.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">19.2.</strong> 高级 trait</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch19-04-advanced-types.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">19.3.</strong> 高级类型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch19-05-advanced-functions-and-closures.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">19.4.</strong> 高级函数与闭包</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch19-06-macros.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">19.5.</strong> 宏</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch20-00-final-project-a-web-server.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">20.</strong> 最后的项目：构建多线程 web server</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch20-01-single-threaded.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">20.1.</strong> 建立单线程 web server</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch20-02-multithreaded.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">20.2.</strong> 将单线程 server 变为多线程 server</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch20-03-graceful-shutdown-and-cleanup.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">20.3.</strong> 优雅停机与清理</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="appendix-00.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">21.</strong> 附录</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="appendix-01-keywords.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">21.1.</strong> A - 关键字</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="appendix-02-operators.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">21.2.</strong> B - 运算符与符号</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="appendix-03-derivable-traits.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">21.3.</strong> C - 可派生的 trait</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="appendix-04-useful-development-tools.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">21.4.</strong> D - 实用开发工具</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="appendix-05-editions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">21.5.</strong> E - 版本</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="appendix-06-translation.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">21.6.</strong> F - 本书译本</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="appendix-07-nightly-rust.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">21.7.</strong> G - Rust 是如何开发的与 “Nightly Rust”</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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<main>
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<h2 id="附录-d实用开发工具"><a class="header" href="#附录-d实用开发工具">附录 D：实用开发工具</a></h2>
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<blockquote>
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<p><a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/book/blob/main/src/appendix-04-useful-development-tools.md">appendix-04-useful-development-tools.md</a>
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<br />
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commit 5057f157cd0b35bc7d0dc0af6ef622fa4c480996</p>
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</blockquote>
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<p>本附录，我们将讨论 Rust 项目提供的用于开发 Rust 代码的工具。</p>
|
|
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<h3 id="通过-rustfmt-自动格式化"><a class="header" href="#通过-rustfmt-自动格式化">通过 <code>rustfmt</code> 自动格式化</a></h3>
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<p><code>rustfmt</code> 工具根据社区代码风格格式化代码。很多项目使用 <code>rustfmt</code> 来避免编写 Rust 风格的争论：所有人都用这个工具格式化代码！</p>
|
|
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<p>安装 <code>rustfmt</code>：</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-console">$ rustup component add rustfmt
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>这会提供 <code>rustfmt</code> 和 <code>cargo-fmt</code>，类似于 Rust 同时安装 <code>rustc</code> 和 <code>cargo</code>。为了格式化整个 Cargo 项目：</p>
|
|
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<pre><code class="language-console">$ cargo fmt
|
|
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</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>运行此命令会格式化当前 crate 中所有的 Rust 代码。这应该只会改变代码风格，而不是代码语义。请查看 <a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/rustfmt">该文档</a> 了解 <code>rustfmt</code> 的更多信息。</p>
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<h3 id="通过-rustfix-修复代码"><a class="header" href="#通过-rustfix-修复代码">通过 <code>rustfix</code> 修复代码</a></h3>
|
|
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<p>如果你编写过 Rust 代码，那么你可能见过那些有很明显修复方式的编译器警告。例如，考虑如下代码：</p>
|
|
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<p><span class="filename">文件名：src/main.rs</span></p>
|
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<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust">fn do_something() {}
|
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fn main() {
|
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for i in 0..100 {
|
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do_something();
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}
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}</code></pre></pre>
|
|
|
<p>这里调用了 <code>do_something</code> 函数 100 次，不过从未在 <code>for</code> 循环体中使用变量 <code>i</code>。Rust 会警告说：</p>
|
|
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<pre><code class="language-console">$ cargo build
|
|
|
Compiling myprogram v0.1.0 (file:///projects/myprogram)
|
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warning: unused variable: `i`
|
|
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--> src/main.rs:4:9
|
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4 | for i in 0..100 {
|
|
|
| ^ help: consider using `_i` instead
|
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= note: #[warn(unused_variables)] on by default
|
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Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.50s
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>警告中建议使用 <code>_i</code> 名称：下划线表明该变量有意不使用。我们可以通过 <code>cargo fix</code> 命令使用 <code>rustfix</code> 工具来自动采用该建议：</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-console">$ cargo fix
|
|
|
Checking myprogram v0.1.0 (file:///projects/myprogram)
|
|
|
Fixing src/main.rs (1 fix)
|
|
|
Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.59s
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>如果再次查看 <em>src/main.rs</em>，会发现 <code>cargo fix</code> 修改了代码：</p>
|
|
|
<p><span class="filename">文件名：src/main.rs</span></p>
|
|
|
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust">fn do_something() {}
|
|
|
|
|
|
fn main() {
|
|
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for _i in 0..100 {
|
|
|
do_something();
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}</code></pre></pre>
|
|
|
<p>现在 <code>for</code> 循环变量变为 <code>_i</code>，警告也不再出现。</p>
|
|
|
<p><code>cargo fix</code> 命令可以用于在不同 Rust 版本间迁移代码。版本在附录 E 中介绍。</p>
|
|
|
<h3 id="通过-clippy-提供更多-lint-功能"><a class="header" href="#通过-clippy-提供更多-lint-功能">通过 <code>clippy</code> 提供更多 lint 功能</a></h3>
|
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|
<p><code>clippy</code> 工具是一系列 lint 的集合，用于捕捉常见错误和改进 Rust 代码。</p>
|
|
|
<p>安装 <code>clippy</code>：</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-console">$ rustup component add clippy
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>对任何 Cargo 项目运行 clippy 的 lint：</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-console">$ cargo clippy
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>例如，如果程序使用了如 pi 这样数学常数的近似值，如下：</p>
|
|
|
<p><span class="filename">文件名：src/main.rs</span></p>
|
|
|
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust">fn main() {
|
|
|
let x = 3.1415;
|
|
|
let r = 8.0;
|
|
|
println!("the area of the circle is {}", x * r * r);
|
|
|
}</code></pre></pre>
|
|
|
<p>在此项目上运行 <code>cargo clippy</code> 会导致这个错误：</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-text">error: approximate value of `f{32, 64}::consts::PI` found
|
|
|
--> src/main.rs:2:13
|
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|
|
|
|
|
2 | let x = 3.1415;
|
|
|
| ^^^^^^
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
= note: `#[deny(clippy::approx_constant)]` on by default
|
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|
= help: consider using the constant directly
|
|
|
= help: for further information visit https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/index.html#approx_constant
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>这告诉我们 Rust 定义了更为精确的常量，而如果使用了这些常量程序将更加准确。如下代码就不会导致 <code>clippy</code> 产生任何错误或警告：</p>
|
|
|
<p><span class="filename">文件名：src/main.rs</span></p>
|
|
|
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust">fn main() {
|
|
|
let x = std::f64::consts::PI;
|
|
|
let r = 8.0;
|
|
|
println!("the area of the circle is {}", x * r * r);
|
|
|
}</code></pre></pre>
|
|
|
<p>请查看 <a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy">其文档</a> 来了解 <code>clippy</code> 的更多信息。</p>
|
|
|
<h3 id="使用-rust-analyzer-的-ide-集成"><a class="header" href="#使用-rust-analyzer-的-ide-集成">使用 <code>rust-analyzer</code> 的 IDE 集成</a></h3>
|
|
|
<p>为了帮助 IDE 集成，Rust 社区建议使用 <a href="https://rust-analyzer.github.io"><code>rust-analyzer</code></a>。这个工具是一组以编译器为中心的实用程序，它实现了 <a href="http://langserver.org/">Language Server Protocol</a>（一个 IDE 与编程语言之间的通信规范）。<code>rust-analyzer</code> 可以用于不同的客户端，比如 <a href="https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=rust-lang.rust-analyzer">Visual Studio Code 的 Rust analyzer 插件</a>。</p>
|
|
|
<p>访问 <code>rust-analyzer</code> 项目的 <a href="https://rust-analyzer.github.io">主页</a> 来了解如何安装它，然后为你的 IDE 安装 language server 支持。如此你的 IDE 便会获得如自动补全、跳转到定义和 inline error 之类的功能。</p>
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