You can not select more than 25 topics Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.
trpl-zh-cn/docs/ch01-01-installation.html

160 lines
16 KiB

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters!

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters that may be confused with others in your current locale. If your use case is intentional and legitimate, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to highlight these characters.

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>安装 - Rust 程序设计语言 简体中文版</title>
<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
<meta name="description" content="Rust 程序设计语言 简体中文版">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<base href="">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="book.css">
<link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300italic,400italic,600italic,700italic,800italic,400,300,600,700,800' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.png">
<!-- Font Awesome -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="highlight.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="tomorrow-night.css">
<!-- MathJax -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.mathjax.org/mathjax/latest/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script>
<!-- Fetch JQuery from CDN but have a local fallback -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-2.1.4.min.js"></script>
<script>
if (typeof jQuery == 'undefined') {
document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='jquery.js'%3E%3C/script%3E"));
}
</script>
</head>
<body class="light">
<!-- Set the theme before any content is loaded, prevents flash -->
<script type="text/javascript">
var theme = localStorage.getItem('theme');
if (theme == null) { theme = 'light'; }
$('body').removeClass().addClass(theme);
</script>
<!-- Hide / unhide sidebar before it is displayed -->
<script type="text/javascript">
var sidebar = localStorage.getItem('sidebar');
if (sidebar === "hidden") { $("html").addClass("sidebar-hidden") }
else if (sidebar === "visible") { $("html").addClass("sidebar-visible") }
</script>
<div id="sidebar" class="sidebar">
<ul class="chapter"><li><a href="ch01-00-introduction.html"><strong>1.</strong> 介绍</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch01-01-installation.html" class="active"><strong>1.1.</strong> 安装</a></li><li><a href="ch01-02-hello-world.html"><strong>1.2.</strong> Hello, World!</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch02-00-guessing-game-tutorial.html"><strong>2.</strong> 猜猜看教程</a></li><li><a href="ch03-00-common-programming-concepts.html"><strong>3.</strong> 通用编程概念</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch03-01-variables-and-mutability.html"><strong>3.1.</strong> 变量和可变性</a></li><li><a href="ch03-02-data-types.html"><strong>3.2.</strong> 数据类型</a></li><li><a href="ch03-03-how-functions-work.html"><strong>3.3.</strong> 函数如何工作</a></li><li><a href="ch03-04-comments.html"><strong>3.4.</strong> 注释</a></li><li><a href="ch03-05-control-flow.html"><strong>3.5.</strong> 控制流</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch04-00-understanding-ownership.html"><strong>4.</strong> 认识所有权</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch04-01-what-is-ownership.html"><strong>4.1.</strong> 什么是所有权</a></li><li><a href="ch04-02-references-and-borrowing.html"><strong>4.2.</strong> 引用 &amp; 借用</a></li><li><a href="ch04-03-slices.html"><strong>4.3.</strong> Slices</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch05-00-structs.html"><strong>5.</strong> 结构体</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch05-01-method-syntax.html"><strong>5.1.</strong> 方法语法</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch06-00-enums.html"><strong>6.</strong> 枚举和模式匹配</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch06-01-defining-an-enum.html"><strong>6.1.</strong> 定义枚举</a></li><li><a href="ch06-02-match.html"><strong>6.2.</strong> <code>match</code>控制流运算符</a></li><li><a href="ch06-03-if-let.html"><strong>6.3.</strong> <code>if let</code>简单控制流</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch07-00-modules.html"><strong>7.</strong> 模块</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch07-01-mod-and-the-filesystem.html"><strong>7.1.</strong> <code>mod</code>和文件系统</a></li><li><a href="ch07-02-controlling-visibility-with-pub.html"><strong>7.2.</strong> 使用<code>pub</code>控制可见性</a></li><li><a href="ch07-03-importing-names-with-use.html"><strong>7.3.</strong> 使用<code>use</code>导入命名</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch08-00-common-collections.html"><strong>8.</strong> 通用集合类型</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch08-01-vectors.html"><strong>8.1.</strong> vector</a></li><li><a href="ch08-02-strings.html"><strong>8.2.</strong> 字符串</a></li><li><a href="ch08-03-hash-maps.html"><strong>8.3.</strong> 哈希 map</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch09-00-error-handling.html"><strong>9.</strong> 错误处理</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch09-01-unrecoverable-errors-with-panic.html"><strong>9.1.</strong> <code>panic!</code>与不可恢复的错误</a></li><li><a href="ch09-02-recoverable-errors-with-result.html"><strong>9.2.</strong> <code>Result</code>与可恢复的错误</a></li><li><a href="ch09-03-to-panic-or-not-to-panic.html"><strong>9.3.</strong> <code>panic!</code>还是不<code>panic!</code></a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch10-00-generics.html"><strong>10.</strong> 泛型、trait 和生命周期</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch10-01-syntax.html"><strong>10.1.</strong> 泛型数据类型</a></li><li><a href="ch10-02-traits.html"><strong>10.2.</strong> trait定义共享的行为</a></li><li><a href="ch10-03-lifetime-syntax.html"><strong>10.3.</strong> 生命周期与引用有效性</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch11-00-testing.html"><strong>11.</strong> 测试</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch11-01-writing-tests.html"><strong>11.1.</strong> 编写测试</a></li><li><a href="ch11-02-running-tests.html"><strong>11.2.</strong> 运行测试</a></li><li><a href="ch11-03-test-organization.html"><strong>11.3.</strong> 测试的组织结构</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch12-00-an-io-project.html"><strong>12.</strong> 一个 I/O 项目</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch12-01-accepting-command-line-arguments.html"><strong>12.1.</strong> 接受命令行参数</a></li><li><a href="ch12-02-reading-a-file.html"><strong>12.2.</strong> 读取文件</a></li><li><a href="ch12-03-improving-error-handling-and-modularity.html"><strong>12.3.</strong> 增强错误处理和模块化</a></li><li><a href="ch12-04-testing-the-librarys-functionality.html"><strong>12.4.</strong> 测试库的功能</a></li><li><a href="ch12-05-working-with-environment-variables.html"><strong>12.5.</strong> 处理环境变量</a></li><li><a href="ch12-06-writing-to-stderr-instead-of-stdout.html"><strong>12.6.</strong> 输出到<code>stderr</code>而不是<code>stdout</code></a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch13-00-functional-features.html"><strong>13.</strong> Rust 中的函数式语言功能</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch13-01-closures.html"><strong>13.1.</strong> 闭包</a></li><li><a href="ch13-02-iterators.html"><strong>13.2.</strong> 迭代器</a></li><li><a href="ch13-03-improving-our-io-project.html"><strong>13.3.</strong> 改进 I/O 项目</a></li><li><a href="ch13-04-performance.html"><strong>13.4.</strong> 性能</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch14-00-more-about-cargo.html"><strong>14.</strong> 更多关于 Cargo 和 Crates.io</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch14-01-release-profiles.html"><strong>14.1.</strong> 发布配置</a></li><li><a href="ch14-02-publishing-to-crates-io.html"><strong>14.2.</strong> 将 crate 发布到 Crates.io</a></li><li><a href="ch14-03-cargo-workspaces.html"><strong>14.3.</strong> Cargo 工作空间</a></li><li><a href="ch14-04-installing-binaries.html"><strong>14.4.</strong> 使用<code>cargo install</code>从 Crates.io 安装文件</a></li><li><a href="ch14-05-extending-cargo.html"><strong>14.5.</strong> Cargo 自定义扩展命令</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch15-00-smart-pointers.html"><strong>15.</strong> 智能指针</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch15-01-box.html"><strong>15.1.</strong> <code>Box&lt;T&gt;</code>用于已知大小的堆上数据</a></li><li><a href="ch15-02-deref.html"><strong>15.2.</strong> <code>Deref</code> Trait 允许通过引用访问数据</a></li><li><a href="ch15-03-drop.html"><strong>15.3.</strong> <code>Drop</code> Trait 运行清理代码</a></li><li><a href="ch15-04-rc.html"><strong>15.4.</strong> <code>Rc&lt;T&gt;</code> 引用计数智能指针</a></li><li><a href="ch15-05-interior-mutability.html"><strong>15.5.</strong> <code>RefCell&lt;T&gt;</code>和内部可变性模式</a></li><li><a href="ch15-06-reference-cycles.html"><strong>15.6.</strong> 引用循环和内存泄漏是安全的</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch16-00-concurrency.html"><strong>16.</strong> 无畏并发</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch16-01-threads.html"><strong>16.1.</strong> 线程</a></li><li><a href="ch16-02-message-passing.html"><strong>16.2.</strong> 消息传递</a></li><li><a href="ch16-03-shared-state.html"><strong>16.3.</strong> 共享状态</a></li><li><a href="ch16-04-extensible-concurrency-sync-and-send.html"><strong>16.4.</strong> 可扩展的并发:<code>Sync</code><code>Send</code></a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch17-00-oop.html"><strong>17.</strong> 面向对象</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch17-01-what-is-oo.html"><strong>17.1.</strong> 什么是面向对象</a></li><li><a href="ch17-02-trait-objects.html"><strong>17.2.</strong> trait对象</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div>
<div id="page-wrapper" class="page-wrapper">
<div class="page">
<div id="menu-bar" class="menu-bar">
<div class="left-buttons">
<i id="sidebar-toggle" class="fa fa-bars"></i>
<i id="theme-toggle" class="fa fa-paint-brush"></i>
</div>
<h1 class="menu-title">Rust 程序设计语言 简体中文版</h1>
<div class="right-buttons">
<i id="print-button" class="fa fa-print" title="Print this book"></i>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content" class="content">
<a class="header" href="#安装" name="安装"><h2>安装</h2></a>
<blockquote>
<p><a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/book/blob/master/second-edition/src/ch01-01-installation.md">ch01-01-installation.md</a>
<br>
commit c1b95a18dbcbb06aadf07c03759f27d88ccf62cf</p>
</blockquote>
<p>使用 Rust 的第一步是安装。你需要网络连接来执行本章的命令,因为我们要从网上下载 Rust。</p>
<p>我们将会展示很多使用终端的命令,并且这些代码都以<code>$</code>开头。并不需要真正输入<code>$</code>,它们在这里代表每行指令的开头。在网上会看到很多使用这个惯例的教程和例子:<code>$</code>代表以常规用户运行命令,<code>#</code>代表需要用管理员运行的命令。没有以<code>$</code>(或<code>#</code>)的行通常是之前命令的输出。</p>
<a class="header" href="#在-linux-或-mac-上安装" name="在-linux-或-mac-上安装"><h3>在 Linux 或 Mac 上安装</h3></a>
<p>如果你使用 Linux 或 Mac所有需要做的就是打开一个终端并输入</p>
<pre><code>$ curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh
</code></pre>
<p>这会下载一个脚本并开始安装。你可能被提示要输入密码。如果一切顺利,将会出现如下内容:</p>
<pre><code>Rust is installed now. Great!
</code></pre>
<p>当然,如果你不赞成<code>curl | sh</code>这种模式,可以随意下载、检查和运行这个脚本。</p>
<a class="header" href="#在-windows-上安装" name="在-windows-上安装"><h3>在 Windows 上安装</h3></a>
<p>在 Windows 上,前往<a href="https://rustup.rs/">https://rustup.rs</a><!-- ignore -->并按照说明下载 rustup-init.exe。运行并遵循其提供的其余指示操作。</p>
<p>本书其余 Windows 相关的命令假设你使用<code>cmd</code>作为你的 shell。如果你使用不同的 shell可能能够执行 Linux 和 Mac 用户相同的命令。如果都不行,请查看所使用的 shell 的文档。</p>
<a class="header" href="#自定义安装" name="自定义安装"><h3>自定义安装</h3></a>
<p>如果有理由倾向于不使用 rustup.rs请查看<a href="https://www.rust-lang.org/install.html">Rust 安装页面</a>获取其他选择。</p>
<a class="header" href="#更新" name="更新"><h3>更新</h3></a>
<p>一旦安装完 Rust更新到最新版本是简单的。在 shell 中运行更新脚本:</p>
<pre><code>$ rustup update
</code></pre>
<a class="header" href="#卸载" name="卸载"><h3>卸载</h3></a>
<p>卸载 Rust 同安装一样简单。在 shell 中运行卸载脚本</p>
<pre><code>$ rustup self uninstall
</code></pre>
<a class="header" href="#故障排除" name="故障排除"><h3>故障排除</h3></a>
<p>安装完 Rust 后,打开 shell输入</p>
<pre><code>$ rustc --version
</code></pre>
<p>应该能看到类似这样的版本号、提交 hash 和提交日期,对应你安装时的最新稳定版本:</p>
<pre><code>rustc x.y.z (abcabcabc yyyy-mm-dd)
</code></pre>
<p>如果出现这些内容Rust 就安装成功了!</p>
<p>恭喜入坑!(此处应该有掌声!)</p>
<p>如果有问题并且你在使用 Windows检查 Rustrustccargo 等)是否位于<code>%PATH%</code>系统变量中。</p>
<p>如果还是不能运行,有许多可以获取帮助的地方。最简单的是 <a href="irc://irc.mozilla.org/#rust">irc.mozilla.org 上的 #rust IRC 频道</a><!-- ignore --> ,可以使用 <a href="http://chat.mibbit.com/?server=irc.mozilla.org&amp;channel=%23rust">Mibbit</a> 来访问它。访问这些地址然后就可以和其他能提供帮助的 Rustacean我们这些人自嘲的绰号聊天了。其它给力的资源包括<a href="https://users.rust-lang.org/">用户论坛</a><a href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/rust">Stack Overflow</a></p>
<a class="header" href="#本地文档" name="本地文档"><h3>本地文档</h3></a>
<p>安装程序也包含一份本地文档的拷贝,你可以离线阅读它们。输入<code>rustup doc</code>将在浏览器中打开本地文档。</p>
<p>任何你不太确认标准库中提供的类型或函数是干什么的时候,请查看 API 文档!</p>
</div>
<!-- Mobile navigation buttons -->
<a href="ch01-00-introduction.html" class="mobile-nav-chapters previous">
<i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i>
</a>
<a href="ch01-02-hello-world.html" class="mobile-nav-chapters next">
<i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i>
</a>
</div>
<a href="ch01-00-introduction.html" class="nav-chapters previous" title="You can navigate through the chapters using the arrow keys">
<i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i>
</a>
<a href="ch01-02-hello-world.html" class="nav-chapters next" title="You can navigate through the chapters using the arrow keys">
<i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i>
</a>
</div>
<!-- Local fallback for Font Awesome -->
<script>
if ($(".fa").css("font-family") !== "FontAwesome") {
$('<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_FontAwesome/css/font-awesome.css">').prependTo('head');
}
</script>
<!-- Livereload script (if served using the cli tool) -->
<script src="highlight.js"></script>
<script src="book.js"></script>
</body>
</html>