|
|
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
|
|
|
<html lang="en">
|
|
|
<head>
|
|
|
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
|
|
<title>安装 - Rust 程序设计语言 简体中文版</title>
|
|
|
<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
|
|
|
<meta name="description" content="Rust 程序设计语言 简体中文版">
|
|
|
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<base href="">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="book.css">
|
|
|
<link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300italic,400italic,600italic,700italic,800italic,400,300,600,700,800' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.png">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Font Awesome -->
|
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="highlight.css">
|
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="tomorrow-night.css">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- MathJax -->
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.mathjax.org/mathjax/latest/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Fetch JQuery from CDN but have a local fallback -->
|
|
|
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-2.1.4.min.js"></script>
|
|
|
<script>
|
|
|
if (typeof jQuery == 'undefined') {
|
|
|
document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='jquery.js'%3E%3C/script%3E"));
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
</script>
|
|
|
</head>
|
|
|
<body class="light">
|
|
|
<!-- Set the theme before any content is loaded, prevents flash -->
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|
|
var theme = localStorage.getItem('theme');
|
|
|
if (theme == null) { theme = 'light'; }
|
|
|
$('body').removeClass().addClass(theme);
|
|
|
</script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Hide / unhide sidebar before it is displayed -->
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|
|
var sidebar = localStorage.getItem('sidebar');
|
|
|
if (sidebar === "hidden") { $("html").addClass("sidebar-hidden") }
|
|
|
else if (sidebar === "visible") { $("html").addClass("sidebar-visible") }
|
|
|
</script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="sidebar" class="sidebar">
|
|
|
<ul class="chapter"><li><a href="ch01-00-introduction.html"><strong>1.</strong> 介绍</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch01-01-installation.html" class="active"><strong>1.1.</strong> 安装</a></li><li><a href="ch01-02-hello-world.html"><strong>1.2.</strong> Hello, World!</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch02-00-guessing-game-tutorial.html"><strong>2.</strong> 猜猜看教程</a></li><li><a href="ch03-00-common-programming-concepts.html"><strong>3.</strong> 通用编程概念</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch03-01-variables-and-mutability.html"><strong>3.1.</strong> 变量和可变性</a></li><li><a href="ch03-02-data-types.html"><strong>3.2.</strong> 数据类型</a></li><li><a href="ch03-03-how-functions-work.html"><strong>3.3.</strong> 函数如何工作</a></li><li><a href="ch03-04-comments.html"><strong>3.4.</strong> 注释</a></li><li><a href="ch03-05-control-flow.html"><strong>3.5.</strong> 控制流</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch04-00-understanding-ownership.html"><strong>4.</strong> 认识所有权</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch04-01-what-is-ownership.html"><strong>4.1.</strong> 什么是所有权</a></li><li><a href="ch04-02-references-and-borrowing.html"><strong>4.2.</strong> 引用 & 借用</a></li><li><a href="ch04-03-slices.html"><strong>4.3.</strong> Slices</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch05-00-structs.html"><strong>5.</strong> 结构体</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch05-01-method-syntax.html"><strong>5.1.</strong> 方法语法</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch06-00-enums.html"><strong>6.</strong> 枚举和模式匹配</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch06-01-defining-an-enum.html"><strong>6.1.</strong> 定义枚举</a></li><li><a href="ch06-02-match.html"><strong>6.2.</strong> <code>match</code>控制流运算符</a></li><li><a href="ch06-03-if-let.html"><strong>6.3.</strong> <code>if let</code>简单控制流</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch07-00-modules.html"><strong>7.</strong> 模块</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch07-01-mod-and-the-filesystem.html"><strong>7.1.</strong> <code>mod</code>和文件系统</a></li><li><a href="ch07-02-controlling-visibility-with-pub.html"><strong>7.2.</strong> 使用<code>pub</code>控制可见性</a></li><li><a href="ch07-03-importing-names-with-use.html"><strong>7.3.</strong> 使用<code>use</code>导入命名</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch08-00-common-collections.html"><strong>8.</strong> 通用集合类型</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch08-01-vectors.html"><strong>8.1.</strong> vector</a></li><li><a href="ch08-02-strings.html"><strong>8.2.</strong> 字符串</a></li><li><a href="ch08-03-hash-maps.html"><strong>8.3.</strong> 哈希 map</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch09-00-error-handling.html"><strong>9.</strong> 错误处理</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch09-01-unrecoverable-errors-with-panic.html"><strong>9.1.</strong> <code>panic!</code>与不可恢复的错误</a></li><li><a href="ch09-02-recoverable-errors-with-result.html"><strong>9.2.</strong> <code>Result</code>与可恢复的错误</a></li><li><a href="ch09-03-to-panic-or-not-to-panic.html"><strong>9.3.</strong> <code>panic!</code>还是不<code>panic!</code></a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch10-00-generics.html"><strong>10.</strong> 泛型、trait 和生命周期</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch10-01-syntax.html"><strong>10.1.</strong> 泛型数据类型</a></li><li><a href="ch10-02-traits.html"><strong>10.2.</strong> trait：定义共享的行为</a></li><li><a href="ch10-03-lifetime-syntax.html"><strong>10.3.</strong> 生命周期与引用有效性</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch11-00-testing.html"><strong>11.</strong> 测试</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch11-01-writing-tests.html"><strong>11.1.</strong> 编写测试</a></li><li><a href="ch11-02-running-tests.html"><strong>11.2.</strong> 运行测试</a></li><li><a href="ch11-03-test-organization.html"><strong>11.3.</strong> 测试的组织结构</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch12-00-an-io-project.html"><strong>12.</strong> 一个 I/O 项目</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch12-01-accepting-command-line-arguments.html"><strong>12.1.</strong> 接受命令行参数</a></li><li><a href="ch12-02-reading-a-file.html"><strong>12.2.</strong> 读取文件</a></li><li><a href="ch12-03-improving-error-handling-and-modularity.html"><strong>12.3.</strong> 增强错误处理和模块化</a></li><li><a href="ch12-04-testing-the-librarys-functionality.html"><strong>12.4.</strong> 测试库的功能</a></li><li><a href="ch12-05-working-with-environment-variables.html"><strong>12.5.</strong> 处理环境变量</a></li><li><a href="ch12-06-writing-to-stderr-instead-of-stdout.html"><strong>12.6.</strong> 输出到<code>stderr</code>而不是<code>stdout</code></a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch13-00-functional-features.html"><strong>13.</strong> Rust 中的函数式语言功能</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch13-01-closures.html"><strong>13.1.</strong> 闭包</a></li><li><a href="ch13-02-iterators.html"><strong>13.2.</strong> 迭代器</a></li><li><a href="ch13-03-improving-our-io-project.html"><strong>13.3.</strong> 改进 I/O 项目</a></li><li><a href="ch13-04-performance.html"><strong>13.4.</strong> 性能</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch14-00-more-about-cargo.html"><strong>14.</strong> 更多关于 Cargo 和 Crates.io</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch14-01-release-profiles.html"><strong>14.1.</strong> 发布配置</a></li><li><a href="ch14-02-publishing-to-crates-io.html"><strong>14.2.</strong> 将 crate 发布到 Crates.io</a></li><li><a href="ch14-03-cargo-workspaces.html"><strong>14.3.</strong> Cargo 工作空间</a></li><li><a href="ch14-04-installing-binaries.html"><strong>14.4.</strong> 使用<code>cargo install</code>从 Crates.io 安装文件</a></li><li><a href="ch14-05-extending-cargo.html"><strong>14.5.</strong> Cargo 自定义扩展命令</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch15-00-smart-pointers.html"><strong>15.</strong> 智能指针</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch15-01-box.html"><strong>15.1.</strong> <code>Box<T></code>用于已知大小的堆上数据</a></li><li><a href="ch15-02-deref.html"><strong>15.2.</strong> <code>Deref</code> Trait 允许通过引用访问数据</a></li><li><a href="ch15-03-drop.html"><strong>15.3.</strong> <code>Drop</code> Trait 运行清理代码</a></li><li><a href="ch15-04-rc.html"><strong>15.4.</strong> <code>Rc<T></code> 引用计数智能指针</a></li><li><a href="ch15-05-interior-mutability.html"><strong>15.5.</strong> <code>RefCell<T></code>和内部可变性模式</a></li><li><a href="ch15-06-reference-cycles.html"><strong>15.6.</strong> 引用循环和内存泄漏是安全的</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch16-00-concurrency.html"><strong>16.</strong> 无畏并发</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch16-01-threads.html"><strong>16.1.</strong> 线程</a></li><li><a href="ch16-02-message-passing.html"><strong>16.2.</strong> 消息传递</a></li><li><a href="ch16-03-shared-state.html"><strong>16.3.</strong> 共享状态</a></li><li><a href="ch16-04-extensible-concurrency-sync-and-send.html"><strong>16.4.</strong> 可扩展的并发：<code>Sync</code>和<code>Send</code></a></li></ul></li></ul>
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="page-wrapper" class="page-wrapper">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="page">
|
|
|
<div id="menu-bar" class="menu-bar">
|
|
|
<div class="left-buttons">
|
|
|
<i id="sidebar-toggle" class="fa fa-bars"></i>
|
|
|
<i id="theme-toggle" class="fa fa-paint-brush"></i>
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h1 class="menu-title">Rust 程序设计语言 简体中文版</h1>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="right-buttons">
|
|
|
<i id="print-button" class="fa fa-print" title="Print this book"></i>
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="content" class="content">
|
|
|
<a class="header" href="#安装" name="安装"><h2>安装</h2></a>
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
|
<p><a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/book/blob/master/second-edition/src/ch01-01-installation.md">ch01-01-installation.md</a>
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
commit 4f2dc564851dc04b271a2260c834643dfd86c724</p>
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
<p>使用 Rust 的第一步是安装。你需要联网来执行本章的命令，因为我们要从网上下载 Rust。</p>
|
|
|
<p>我们将会展示很多使用终端的命令，并且这些代码都以<code>$</code>开头。并不需要真正输入<code>$</code>，它们在这里代表每行指令的开头。在网上会看到很多使用这个惯例的教程和例子：<code>$</code>代表以常规用户运行命令，<code>#</code>代表需要用管理员运行的命令。没有以<code>$</code>（或<code>#</code>）的行通常是之前命令的输出。</p>
|
|
|
<a class="header" href="#在-linux-或-mac-上安装" name="在-linux-或-mac-上安装"><h3>在 Linux 或 Mac 上安装</h3></a>
|
|
|
<p>如果你使用 Linux 或 Mac，所有需要做的就是打开一个终端并输入：</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">$ curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>这会下载一个脚本并开始安装。你可能被提示要输入密码。如果一切顺利，将会出现如下内容：</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">Rust is installed now. Great!
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>当然，如果你不赞成<code>curl | sh</code>这种模式，可以随意下载、检查和运行这个脚本。</p>
|
|
|
<a class="header" href="#在-windows-上安装" name="在-windows-上安装"><h3>在 Windows 上安装</h3></a>
|
|
|
<p>在 Windows 上，前往<a href="https://rustup.rs/">https://rustup.rs</a><!-- ignore -->并按照说明下载<code>rustup-init.exe</code>。运行并遵循它提供的其余指示。</p>
|
|
|
<p>本书其余 Windows 相关的命令假设你使用<code>cmd</code>作为你的 shell。如果你使用不同的 shell，可能能够执行 Linux 和 Mac 用户相同的命令。如果都不行，查看所使用的 shell 的文档。</p>
|
|
|
<a class="header" href="#自定义安装" name="自定义安装"><h3>自定义安装</h3></a>
|
|
|
<p>如果有理由倾向于不使用 rustup.rs，请查看<a href="https://www.rust-lang.org/install.html">Rust 安装页面</a>获取其他选择。</p>
|
|
|
<a class="header" href="#卸载" name="卸载"><h3>卸载</h3></a>
|
|
|
<p>卸载 Rust 同安装一样简单。在 shell 中运行卸载脚本</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">$ rustup self uninstall
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<a class="header" href="#故障排除" name="故障排除"><h3>故障排除</h3></a>
|
|
|
<p>安装完 Rust 后，打开 shell，输入：</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">$ rustc --version
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>应该能看到类似这样的版本号、提交 hash 和提交日期，对应你安装时的最新稳定版本：</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">rustc x.y.z (abcabcabc yyyy-mm-dd)
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>如果出现这些内容，Rust 就安装成功了！</p>
|
|
|
<p>恭喜入坑！（此处应该有掌声！）</p>
|
|
|
<p>如果有问题并且你在使用 Windows，检查 Rust（rustc，cargo 等）是否位于<code>%PATH%</code>系统变量中。</p>
|
|
|
<p>如果还是不能运行，有许多可以获取帮助的地方。最简单的是 irc.mozilla.org 上的 IRC 频道 <a href="irc://irc.mozilla.org/#rust-beginners">#rust-beginners</a> 和供一般讨论之用的 <a href="irc://irc.mozilla.org/#rust">#rust</a>，我们可以使用 <a href="http://chat.mibbit.com/?server=irc.mozilla.org&channel=%23rust-beginners,%23rust">Mibbit</a> 访问。然后我们就可以和其他能提供帮助的 Rustacean（我们这些人自嘲的绰号）聊天了。其它给力的资源包括<a href="https://users.rust-lang.org/">用户论坛</a>和<a href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/rust">Stack Overflow</a>。</p>
|
|
|
<a class="header" href="#本地文档" name="本地文档"><h3>本地文档</h3></a>
|
|
|
<p>安装程序也包含一份本地文档的拷贝，你可以离线阅读它们。输入<code>rustup doc</code>将在浏览器中打开本地文档。</p>
|
|
|
<p>任何你太确认标准库提供的类型或函数是干什么的时候，使用文档 API 查找！</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Mobile navigation buttons -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="ch01-00-introduction.html" class="mobile-nav-chapters previous">
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i>
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="ch01-02-hello-world.html" class="mobile-nav-chapters next">
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i>
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="ch01-00-introduction.html" class="nav-chapters previous" title="You can navigate through the chapters using the arrow keys">
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i>
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="ch01-02-hello-world.html" class="nav-chapters next" title="You can navigate through the chapters using the arrow keys">
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i>
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Local fallback for Font Awesome -->
|
|
|
<script>
|
|
|
if ($(".fa").css("font-family") !== "FontAwesome") {
|
|
|
$('<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_FontAwesome/css/font-awesome.css">').prependTo('head');
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
</script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Livereload script (if served using the cli tool) -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script src="highlight.js"></script>
|
|
|
<script src="book.js"></script>
|
|
|
</body>
|
|
|
</html>
|
