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@ -240,6 +240,71 @@ the release of these resources (especially in the case of panic).
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For more about destructors, see the [Drop trait](../std/ops/trait.Drop.html).
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## Calling Rust code from C
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You may wish to compile Rust code in a way so that it can be called from C.
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This is fairly easy, but requires a few things.
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### Rust side
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First, we assume you have a lib crate named as `rust_from_c`.
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`lib.rs` should have Rust code as following:
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```rust
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#[no_mangle]
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pub extern "C" fn hello_from_rust() {
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println!("Hello from Rust!");
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}
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# fn main() {}
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```
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The `extern "C"` makes this function adhere to the C calling convention, as discussed above in "[Foreign Calling Conventions]".
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The `no_mangle` attribute turns off Rust's name mangling, so that it is easier to link to.
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Then, to compile Rust code as a shared library that can be called from C, add the following to your `Cargo.toml`:
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```toml
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[lib]
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crate-type = ["cdylib"]
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```
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Run `cargo build` and you're ready to go on the Rust side.
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[Foreign Calling Conventions]: ffi.html#foreign-calling-conventions
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### C side
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We'll create a C file to call the `hello_from_rust` function and compile it by `gcc`.
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C file should look like:
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```c
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int main() {
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hello_from_rust();
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return 0;
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}
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```
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We name the file as `call_rust.c` and place it on the crate root.
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Run the following to compile:
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```sh
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gcc call_rust.c -o call_rust -lrust_from_c -L./target/debug
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```
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`-l` and `-L` tell gcc to find our Rust library.
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Finally, we can call Rust code from C with `LD_LIBRARY_PATH` specified:
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```sh
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LD_LIBRARY_PATH=./target/debug ./call_rust
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```
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That's it!
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For more realistic example, check the [`cbindgen`].
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[`cbindgen`]: https://github.com/eqrion/cbindgen
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## Callbacks from C code to Rust functions
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Some external libraries require the usage of callbacks to report back their
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|
@ -648,71 +713,6 @@ void register(void (*f)(int (*)(int), int)) {
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No `transmute` required!
|
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|
|
|
|
|
## Calling Rust code from C
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You may wish to compile Rust code in a way so that it can be called from C.
|
|
|
|
|
This is fairly easy, but requires a few things.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Rust side
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First, we assume you have a lib crate named as `rust_from_c`.
|
|
|
|
|
`lib.rs` should have Rust code as following:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```rust
|
|
|
|
|
#[no_mangle]
|
|
|
|
|
pub extern "C" fn hello_from_rust() {
|
|
|
|
|
println!("Hello from Rust!");
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
# fn main() {}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The `extern "C"` makes this function adhere to the C calling convention, as discussed above in "[Foreign Calling Conventions]".
|
|
|
|
|
The `no_mangle` attribute turns off Rust's name mangling, so that it is easier to link to.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Then, to compile Rust code as a shared library that can be called from C, add the following to your `Cargo.toml`:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```toml
|
|
|
|
|
[lib]
|
|
|
|
|
crate-type = ["cdylib"]
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Run `cargo build` and you're ready to go on the Rust side.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Foreign Calling Conventions]: ffi.html#foreign-calling-conventions
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### C side
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
We'll create a C file to call the `hello_from_rust` function and compile it by `gcc`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C file should look like:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```c
|
|
|
|
|
int main() {
|
|
|
|
|
hello_from_rust();
|
|
|
|
|
return 0;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
We name the file as `call_rust.c` and place it on the crate root.
|
|
|
|
|
Run the following to compile:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
|
|
|
gcc call_rust.c -o call_rust -lrust_from_c -L./target/debug
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
`-l` and `-L` tell gcc to find our Rust library.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Finally, we can call Rust code from C with `LD_LIBRARY_PATH` specified:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
|
|
|
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=./target/debug ./call_rust
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
That's it!
|
|
|
|
|
For more realistic example, check the [`cbindgen`].
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[`cbindgen`]: https://github.com/eqrion/cbindgen
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## FFI and panics
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
It’s important to be mindful of `panic!`s when working with FFI. A `panic!`
|
|
|
|
|