Merge pull request #126 from mg-chao/20220104_move_semantics

[rust-exercise] 翻译 move_semantics 内的所有内容

exercise/exercises/move_semantics/README.md

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-# Move Semantics
+# 移动语义（Move Semantics）
 
-These exercises are adapted from [pnkfelix](https://github.com/pnkfelix)'s [Rust Tutorial](https://pnkfelix.github.io/rust-examples-icfp2014/) -- Thank you Felix!!!
+这些练习改编自 [pnkfelix](https://github.com/pnkfelix) 的 [Rust Tutorial](https://pnkfelix.github.io/rust-examples-icfp2014/) -- 谢谢 Felix !!!
 
-## Further information
+## 更多信息
 
-For this section, the book links are especially important.
+以下书籍中的内容对于当前的学习尤其重要。
 
 - [Ownership](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch04-01-what-is-ownership.html)
 - [Reference and borrowing](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch04-02-references-and-borrowing.html)

exercise/exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics1.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 // move_semantics1.rs
-// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics1` for hints :)
+// 让我能够编译！执行 `rustex hint move_semantics1` 获取提示 :)
 
 // I AM NOT DONE
 
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ fn main() {
 
     let vec1 = fill_vec(vec0);
 
-    println!("{} has length {} content `{:?}`", "vec1", vec1.len(), vec1);
+    println!("{} has length {} content `{:?}`", "vec1", vec1.len(), vec1);// 译："{} 长度为 {} 内容是 `{:?}`"
 
     vec1.push(88);
 

exercise/exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics2.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // move_semantics2.rs
-// Make me compile without changing line 13!
+// 在不更改第 13 行的要求下通过编译！
-// Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics2` for hints :)
+// 执行 `rustex hint move_semantics2` 获取提示 :)
 
 // I AM NOT DONE
 
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ fn main() {
 
     let mut vec1 = fill_vec(vec0);
 
-    // Do not change the following line!
+    // 不要更改下面那行！
     println!("{} has length {} content `{:?}`", "vec0", vec0.len(), vec0);
 
     vec1.push(88);

exercise/exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics3.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // move_semantics3.rs
-// Make me compile without adding new lines-- just changing existing lines!
+// 在不添加新行仅改变已有行的要求下通过编译！
-// (no lines with multiple semicolons necessary!)
+// （也不允许有多个分号的行！）
-// Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics3` for hints :)
+// 执行 `rustex hint move_semantics3` 获取提示 :)
 
 // I AM NOT DONE
 

exercise/exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics4.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 // move_semantics4.rs
-// Refactor this code so that instead of having `vec0` and creating the vector
+// 重构这段代码，做到删除 `vec0` ，并在 `fn fill_vec` 而非 `fn main` 中创建 vector ，
-// in `fn main`, we create it within `fn fill_vec` and transfer the
+// 然后将新创建的 vector 从 `fill_vec` 转移到其调用者。
-// freshly created vector from fill_vec to its caller.
+// 执行 `rustex hint move_semantics4` 获取提示 :)
-// Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics4` for hints!
 
 // I AM NOT DONE
 
@@ -18,7 +17,7 @@ fn main() {
     println!("{} has length {} content `{:?}`", "vec1", vec1.len(), vec1);
 }
 
-// `fill_vec()` no longer takes `vec: Vec<i32>` as argument
+// `fill_vec()` 不再获取 `vec: Vec<i32>` 参数
 fn fill_vec() -> Vec<i32> {
     let mut vec = vec;
 

exercise/exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics5.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 // move_semantics5.rs
-// Make me compile only by reordering the lines in `main()`, but without
+// 只通过重新排列 `main()` 中的已有行来完成编译，并且不能增加、更改或删除任何行
-// adding, changing or removing any of them.
+// 执行 `rustex hint move_semantics5` 获取提示 :)
-// Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics5` for hints :)
 
 // I AM NOT DONE
 

exercise/info.toml

@@ -152,64 +152,57 @@ name = "move_semantics1"
 path = "exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics1.rs"
 mode = "compile"
 hint = """
-So you've got the "cannot borrow immutable local variable `vec1` as mutable" error on line 13,
+在第 13 行有个 "cannot borrow immutable local variable `vec1` as mutable"* 错误，对吗？
-right? The fix for this is going to be adding one keyword, and the addition is NOT on line 13
+修复错误的方法是添加一个关键词，并且添加的位置不在报错的第 13 行上。
-where the error is."""
+
+译注：不能将不可变的局部变量 `vec1` 借用为可变变量"""
 
 [[exercises]]
 name = "move_semantics2"
 path = "exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics2.rs"
 mode = "compile"
 hint = """
-So `vec0` is being *moved* into the function `fill_vec` when we call it on
+当我们在第 10 行调用 `fill_vec` 时，`vec0' 被 *移动（moved）* 到
-line 10, which means it gets dropped at the end of `fill_vec`, which means we
+函数 `fill_vec` 中，这意味着它会在 `fill_vec` 函数的末尾被丢弃，同时也
-can't use `vec0` again on line 13 (or anywhere else in `main` after the
+导致了我们不能在第 13 行再次使用 `vec0`（或在 `main` 中调用 `fill_vec` 后的任何地方）。
-`fill_vec` call for that matter). We could fix this in a few ways, try them
+我们可以用几种方法来解决这个问题，都试一试吧！
-all!
+1. 做一个 `vec0` 数据的拷贝，并将其传递给 `fill_vec` 。
-1. Make another, separate version of the data that's in `vec0` and pass that
+2. 让 `fill_vec` 通过借用而不是获取所有权的方式获取参数，然后在函数中复制一份数据，以便返回
-   to `fill_vec` instead.
+   一个具有所有权的 `Vec<i32>` 变量。
-2. Make `fill_vec` borrow its argument instead of taking ownership of it,
+3. 让 `fill_vec` 借用可变参数（参数也需要可变），直接进行操作，然后不返回任何东西。接着你需要
-   and then copy the data within the function in order to return an owned
+   完全地去掉 `vec1`——但注意，这也将改变第一个 `println!` 打印出内容。"""
-   `Vec<i32>`
-3. Make `fill_vec` *mutably* borrow its argument (which will need to be
-   mutable), modify it directly, then not return anything. Then you can get rid
-   of `vec1` entirely -- note that this will change what gets printed by the
-   first `println!`"""
 
 [[exercises]]
 name = "move_semantics3"
 path = "exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics3.rs"
 mode = "compile"
 hint = """
-The difference between this one and the previous ones is that the first line
+与之前不同：`fn fill_vec` 第一行的 `let mut vec = vec;` 现在已经不存在了。 
-of `fn fill_vec` that had `let mut vec = vec;` is no longer there. You can,
+你可以在某个地方添加 `mut` 以使现有的不可变绑定变得可变，而非把不同的那一行加回去 :)"""
-instead of adding that line back, add `mut` in one place that will change
-an existing binding to be a mutable binding instead of an immutable one :)"""
 
 [[exercises]]
 name = "move_semantics4"
 path = "exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics4.rs"
 mode = "compile"
 hint = """
-Stop reading whenever you feel like you have enough direction :) Or try
+只要你觉得有确切的目标，就可以停止阅读 :) 或者试着做一个步骤，然后修复编译错误。
-doing one step and then fixing the compiler errors that result!
+因此，目标有：
-So the end goal is to:
+   - 去掉 main 中创建新 vector 的第一行
-   - get rid of the first line in main that creates the new vector
+   - 所以 `vec0` 已不存在了，不能再把它传给 `fill_vec` 。
-   - so then `vec0` doesn't exist, so we can't pass it to `fill_vec`
+   - 现已不需要向 `fill_vec` 传递任何东西，所以它的（函数）签名应该反映出它不接受任何参数*。
-   - we don't want to pass anything to `fill_vec`, so its signature should
+   - 由于已不在 `main` 创建 vector ，所以需要在 `fill_vec` 中创建一个新的 vector，
-     reflect that it does not take any arguments
+     类似于 `main` 中的做法。
-   - since we're not creating a new vec in `main` anymore, we need to create
+     
-     a new vec in `fill_vec`, similarly to the way we did in `main`"""
+译注：练习中 fill_vec 的函数签名已经没有接受参数了，所以估计是在调用的地方"""
 
 [[exercises]]
 name = "move_semantics5"
 path = "exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics5.rs"
 mode = "compile"
 hint = """
-Carefully reason about the range in which each mutable reference is in
+仔细推敲每个可变引用的使用范围。
-vogue. Does it help to update the value of referent (x) immediately after
+在获取可变引用后是否能够立即更新引用（x）的值？ 
-the mutable reference is taken? Read more about 'Mutable References'
+在本书的 'References and Borrowing' 部分了解更多关于 'Mutable References' 的信息。
-in the book's section References and Borrowing':
 https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch04-02-references-and-borrowing.html#mutable-references.
 """