rust-course/assets/writing-material/posts/tests/unit_test.md

Tests and ?

in Rust 2018, your unit tests can return Result<()>, which lets you use ? in them! This can make them much more concise.

fn sqrt(number: f64) -> Result<f64, String> {
    if number >= 0.0 {
        Ok(number.powf(0.5))
    } else {
        Err("negative floats don't have square roots".to_owned())
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn test_sqrt() -> Result<(), String> {
        let x = 4.0;
        assert_eq!(sqrt(x)?.powf(2.0), x);
        Ok(())
    }
}

Testing panics

To check functions that should panic under certain circumstances, use attribute #[should_panic]. This attribute accepts optional parameter expected = with the text of the panic message. If your function can panic in multiple ways, it helps make sure your test is testing the correct panic.

pub fn divide_non_zero_result(a: u32, b: u32) -> u32 {
    if b == 0 {
        panic!("Divide-by-zero error");
    } else if a < b {
        panic!("Divide result is zero");
    }
    a / b
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn test_divide() {
        assert_eq!(divide_non_zero_result(10, 2), 5);
    }

    #[test]
    #[should_panic]
    fn test_any_panic() {
        divide_non_zero_result(1, 0);
    }

    #[test]
    #[should_panic(expected = "Divide result is zero")]
    fn test_specific_panic() {
        divide_non_zero_result(1, 10);
    }
}

Ignoring tests

Tests can be marked with the #[ignore] attribute to exclude some tests. Or to run them with command cargo test -- --ignored

pub fn add(a: i32, b: i32) -> i32 {
    a + b
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn test_add() {
        assert_eq!(add(2, 2), 4);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_add_hundred() {
        assert_eq!(add(100, 2), 102);
        assert_eq!(add(2, 100), 102);
    }

    #[test]
    #[ignore]
    fn ignored_test() {
        assert_eq!(add(0, 0), 0);
    }
}