You can not select more than 25 topics Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.

7.1 KiB

通过config.toml对Cargo进行配置

Cargo 相关的配置有两种,第一种是对自身进行配置,第二种是对指定的项目进行配置,关于后者请查看 Cargo.toml清单。对于普通用户而言第二种才是我们最常使用的。

本文讲述的是如何对 Cargo 相关的工具进行配置,该配置中的部分内容可能会覆盖掉 Cargo.toml 中对应的部分,例如关于 profile 的内容。

层级结构

在前面我们已经见识过如何为 Cargo 进行全局配置:$HOME/.cargo/config.toml,事实上,还支持在一个 package 内对它进行配置。

总体原则是:Cargo 会顺着当前目录往上查找,直到找到目标配置文件。例如我们在目录 /projects/foo/bar/baz 下调用 Cargo 命令,那查找路径如下所示:

  • /projects/foo/bar/baz/.cargo/config.toml
  • /projects/foo/bar/.cargo/config.toml
  • /projects/foo/.cargo/config.toml
  • /projects/.cargo/config.toml
  • /.cargo/config.toml
  • $CARGO_HOME/config.toml 默认是 :
    • Windows: %USERPROFILE%\.cargo\config.toml
    • Unix: $HOME/.cargo/config.toml

有了这种机制,我们既可以在全局中设置默认的配置,又可以每个包都设定独立的配置,甚至还能做版本控制。

如果一个 key 在多个配置中出现,那这些 key 只会保留一个:最靠近 Cargo 执行目录的配置文件中的 key 的值将被最终使用(因此, $HOME 下的都是最低优先级)。需要注意的是,如果 key 的值是数组,那相应的值将被合并( join )

对于工作空间而言,Cargo 的搜索策略是从 root 开始,对于内部成员中包含的 .cargo.toml 会自动忽略。例如一个工作空间拥有两个成员,每个成员都有配置文件: /projects/foo/bar/baz/mylib/.cargo/config.toml/projects/foo/bar/baz/mybin/.cargo/config.toml,但是 Cargo 并不会读取它们而是从工作空间的根( /projects/foo/bar/baz/ )开始往上查找。

注意Cargo 还支持没有 .toml 后缀的 .cargo/config 文件。对于 .toml 的支持是从 Rust 1.39 版本开始,同时也是目前最推荐的方式。但若同时存在有后缀和无后缀的文件Cargo 将使用无后缀的!

配置文件概览

下面是一个完整的配置文件,并对常用的选项进行了翻译,大家可以参考下:

paths = ["/path/to/override"] # 覆盖 `Cargo.toml` 中通过 path 引入的本地依赖

[alias]     # 命令别名
b = "build"
c = "check"
t = "test"
r = "run"
rr = "run --release"
space_example = ["run", "--release", "--", "\"command list\""]

[build]
jobs = 1                      # 并行构建任务的数量,默认等于 CPU 的核心数
rustc = "rustc"               # rust 编译器
rustc-wrapper = "…"           # 使用该 wrapper 来替代 rustc
rustc-workspace-wrapper = "…" # 为工作空间的成员使用 该 wrapper 来替代 rustc
rustdoc = "rustdoc"           # 文档生成工具
target = "triple"             # 为 target triple 构建 ( `cargo install` 会忽略该选项)
target-dir = "target"         # 存放编译输出结果的目录
rustflags = ["…", "…"]        # 自定义flags会传递给所有的编译器命令调用
rustdocflags = ["…", "…"]     # 自定义flags传递给 rustdoc
incremental = true            # 是否开启增量编译
dep-info-basedir = "…"        # path for the base directory for targets in depfiles
pipelining = true             # rustc pipelining

[doc]
browser = "chromium"          # `cargo doc --open` 使用的浏览器,
                              # 可以通过 `BROWSER` 环境变量进行重写

[env]
# Set ENV_VAR_NAME=value for any process run by Cargo
ENV_VAR_NAME = "value"
# Set even if already present in environment
ENV_VAR_NAME_2 = { value = "value", force = true }
# Value is relative to .cargo directory containing `config.toml`, make absolute
ENV_VAR_NAME_3 = { value = "relative/path", relative = true }

[cargo-new]
vcs = "none"              # 所使用的 VCS  ('git', 'hg', 'pijul', 'fossil', 'none')

[http]
debug = false               # HTTP debugging
proxy = "host:port"         # HTTP 代理libcurl 格式
ssl-version = "tlsv1.3"     # TLS version to use
ssl-version.max = "tlsv1.3" # 最高支持的 TLS 版本
ssl-version.min = "tlsv1.1" # 最小支持的 TLS 版本
timeout = 30                # HTTP 请求的超时时间,秒
low-speed-limit = 10        # 网络超时阈值 (bytes/sec)
cainfo = "cert.pem"         # path to Certificate Authority (CA) bundle
check-revoke = true         # check for SSL certificate revocation
multiplexing = true         # HTTP/2 multiplexing
user-agent = "…"            # the user-agent header

[install]
root = "/some/path"         # `cargo install` 安装到的目标目录

[net]
retry = 2                   # 网络重试次数
git-fetch-with-cli = true   # 是否使用 `git` 命令来执行 git 操作
offline = true              # 不能访问网络

[patch.<registry>]
# Same keys as for [patch] in Cargo.toml

[profile.<name>]         # profile 配置,详情见"如何在 Cargo.toml 中配置 profile" : https://course.rs/cargo/reference/profiles.html#profile设置
opt-level = 0           
debug = true             
split-debuginfo = '...' 
debug-assertions = true  
overflow-checks = true  
lto = false             
panic = 'unwind'        
incremental = true      
codegen-units = 16      
rpath = false          
[profile.<name>.build-override]  
[profile.<name>.package.<name>]  

[registries.<name>]  # registries other than crates.io
index = "…"          # URL of the registry index
token = "…"          # authentication token for the registry

[registry]
default = "…"        # name of the default registry
token = "…"          # authentication token for crates.io

[source.<name>]      # source definition and replacement
replace-with = "…"   # replace this source with the given named source
directory = "…"      # path to a directory source
registry = "…"       # URL to a registry source
local-registry = "…" # path to a local registry source
git = "…"            # URL of a git repository source
branch = "…"         # branch name for the git repository
tag = "…"            # tag name for the git repository
rev = "…"            # revision for the git repository

[target.<triple>]
linker = "…"            # linker to use
runner = "…"            # wrapper to run executables
rustflags = ["…", "…"]  # custom flags for `rustc`

[target.<cfg>]
runner = "…"            # wrapper to run executables
rustflags = ["…", "…"]  # custom flags for `rustc`

[target.<triple>.<links>] # `links` build script override
rustc-link-lib = ["foo"]
rustc-link-search = ["/path/to/foo"]
rustc-flags = ["-L", "/some/path"]
rustc-cfg = ['key="value"']
rustc-env = {key = "value"}
rustc-cdylib-link-arg = ["…"]
metadata_key1 = "value"
metadata_key2 = "value"

[term]
verbose = false        # whether cargo provides verbose output
color = 'auto'         # whether cargo colorizes output
progress.when = 'auto' # whether cargo shows progress bar
progress.width = 80    # width of progress bar